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EN
The author presents results of empirical research carried in 219 firms of National Fund Investment (NFI). The analysis of results showed that economic market environment of enterprises in 1990 revealed “underdevelopment” of governance structures in the investigated enterprises. As the consequence we could observe the lose of their abilities of adaptation. It was determined by the feeling of “scale complex” of managers activity. The author puts the question whether the institutional owner (NFI) will manage to successfully change the structure of firms when their structure o f management brings conflicts. In order to solve this question further research should be carried out.
EN
The article critically examines the modernization of the Higher Education (HE) sector from the perspective of reflexive modernization. The source of radical change of HE in Poland was the neoliberal institutional solution, opening HE institutions to privatization, competition and marketization and liberating them from the heteronomous bureaucratic structure legitimized by the conditions of the previous system. To explain the nature of the changes in Higher Education, three analytical categories of reflexive modernization are used as heuristic tools: individualization, risk and reflexivity.
EN
The article analyzes organizational strategies of the enterprises qualified in four stages to share in the National Investments Founds. Figures allow to assert, that in the organizational practice dominates the exploratory type of strategy, which aims to review and test the new products in order to search for the new sales markets. Largely enterprises in the chemistry, machine building, electric machine building and light industry branches declare themselves in favor of that strategy. One third of the enterprises out of the sample pursue some analytical strategy of hybrid type, which can be describe as carry out innovative or adaptive activity, suitable for the conditions. That strategy predominates in the raw materials, lumber-paper and light industry branches. On the other hand, every fifth enterprise, particularly in the construction industry, follows the defensive strategy.
PL
W artykule podejmuje się próbę spojrzenia na modernizację sektora szkolnictwa wyższego z perspektywy refleksywnej modernizacji. Źródłem radykalnych przeobrażeń szkolnictwa wyższego w Polsce stały się neoliberalne rozwiązania instytucjonalne, otwierające szkolnictwo wyższe na prywatyzację, konkurencję oraz urynkowienie i uwalniające je od zbiurokratyzowanych struktur heteronomicznych, legitymizowanych przez warunki poprzedniego systemu. Dla wyjaśnienia charakteru przeobrażeń w szkolnictwie wyższym wykorzystano trzy kategorie analityczne refleksywnej modernizacji; indywidualizację, ryzyko oraz refleksywność, jako heurystyczne narzędzia.
EN
The article critically examines the modernization of the Higher Education (HE) sector from the perspective of reflexive modernization. The source of radical change of HE in Poland was the neoliberal institutional solution, opening HE institutions to privatization, competition and marketization and freeing them from the heteronomic bureaucratic structure legitimized by the conditions of the previous system. To explain the nature of the changes in Higher Education, three analytical categories of reflexive modernization are used as heuristic tools: individualization, risk and reflexivity.
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EN
A variety of personal features were analysed in the research of management. The Feature Theory has been sharply criticized since it has been proved that it is impossible to discover a "mental structure" characterizing an efficient manager. A combination of personality features (such as intelligence) with the structure of the situation permits to reactivate the Feature Theory in a slightly modified form. Several theoretical constructs) the Semantic Differential Scale LPC by F.Fiedler, the Locus of Control by J.Rotter and the F-scale by Th. Adorno serve the study of personality features by referring them to the structure and dynamics of the situation of management.
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