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1
Content available remote Re-vitalising university education via individual curricula
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EN
In the paper the analysis of the student education in the system of individual curricula is made. The presented material is related to the education at the universities of technical type hut some aspects are common for the higher education independently of the university art. General conclusions are based on the five year long experience of the author in supervising students in their individual curriculum in computer science and the work at the Institute of Computer Science on the position of vice-head for education. The re-vitalising impact of the presented system is described and motivated. Moreover, the natural close relation between the education in the ordinary system and the individual one is pointed out.
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Content available remote Measures for validation of artificial neural netorks
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In this survey paper main criteria for qualitative evaluation of artificial neural networks are collected and briefly described. Two examples of approximation should provide a certain intuition on their worth in practical applications.
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To a large extent, the chromatographic data obtained by measurements on power transformers reflect the state of a power transformer and allow the assessment of possible faults. The distribution of real learning data is not even approximately uniform and makes the partitioning of decision space difficult. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the application of an EC-based classifier and a number of novel methods.
PL
Jak wiadomo, wyniki analizy chromatograficznej gazów rozpuszczonych w oleju transformatorowym (Dissofoed Gas Analysis - DGA) mogą być użyte do diagnostyki transformatorów. Zwykle rozmieszczenie tych danych (ściśle ilorazów koncentracji wybranych gazów) w przestrzeni jest bardzo nierównomierne, a ponadto jednoznaczny podział tej przestrzeni na obszary decyzyjne o rozsądnej wielkości i liczbie jest bardzo trudny. Celem pracy jest dokonanie przeglądu zastosowań nowych metod, wśród nich tych mających korzenie w obliczeniach inteligentnych i odniesienie się do wyników uzyskiwanych za pomocą standardu EC (International Electrotechnical Commission).
4
Content available remote Neural networks modelling and simulation in Windows environment
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The paper presents a software tool developed for modelling and simulation of artificial neural networks of feedforward type. The program has been realized in the Windows 95 environment and possesses several useful features.
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In the paper, the roles of intelligence, knowledge, learning and wisdom are discussed in the context of image content understanding. The known model of automatic image understanding is extended by the role of learning. References to example implementations are also given.
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Content available remote Rule extraction from active contour classifiers
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EN
In this paper, the idea of rule extraciton from active contour classifiers is presented. The concepts are new in relation to active contour approach. The problem is illustrated by examples having roots in technical diagnosis and in analysis of content of images.
7
Content available remote Price Prediction of the Electric Energy - Regression versus Neural Approach
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In this paper, two models for price prediction of the day ahead market are presented and evaluated. The work consists of two parts. The first part includes short description the day ahead market of electric energy exchange. In the second one, the regression and neural models applied. As an example, the polish power exchange market is used.
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In this paper, the problem of unified analysis of data and descriptions of objects is discussed. Basic concept for measure of similarity between features described in diverse manner is presented as well as the method for unification of different types of description.
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Content available remote Neural Models of Demands for Electricity - Prediction and Risk Assessment
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EN
Two neural systems for forecasting the electricity demand by the group of retail consumers are presented along with two methods for risk assessment of demand prediction models. The first forecasting system is composed of series-connected local neural predictors in the form of multilayer perceptron (MLP) networks. The system is mainly formed on the basis of expert knowledge and statistical tests. The second forecasting system has two levels. The first contains a neural classifier and the second consists of a set of local neural predictors. The classifier is built on the basis of a self-organising neural network (SOM). MLP or radial basis function (RBF) networks are used as predictors. Finally, two methods for assessing the risk of forecasting models are proposed. These consider financial risk measures such as value at risk (VaR) and conditional value at risk (CVaR). Possible economic losses posed by the application of predictions from a forecasting model are calculated using these risk measures. The risk analysis facilitates the selection of the forecasting model that generates the smallest risk of losses when selling energy contracts. The proposed methods are tested using data from the Polish electricity market.
PL
W pracy zostały przedstawione dwa neuronowe systemy przeznaczone do prognozowania zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną grupy konsumentów detalicznych. Ponadto zaprenzetowano dwie metody oceny ryzyka modeli prognozowania.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono problem znajdowania optymalnej trasy dla datagramów IP. Opracowany algorytm wyznaczania tras działający w oparciu o algorytmy genetyczne uwzględnia zawartość pola Type Of Service, w którym podane są żądania jakości przesłania. Podano reprezentację tras, sposób inicjowania populacji i jej ewolucję. Przedstawiono szczegóły implementacji algorytmu.
EN
The paper presents the routing problem for the IP datagram. The IP protocol itself allows specifiction of requirements concerning a desired quality of delivry in the field Type Of Service. A genetic algorithm is proposed for finding the route based on the contens of thi field. Encoding of the routes, initialization and evolution are described, and the implementation details are given.
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Content available remote Solving differential equations with nonlinear perceptron
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The work concerns training neural networks for approximate mappings being solutions to differential equations, especially partial-differential equations. The presented approaches falI into two categories. In the first one, backpropagation training is combined with an arbitrary numerical method used for obtaining tabulated solutions to the equations for training sequences. In the other, the neural network is forced to suggest a solution to the equation and to keep on improving that mapping during the backpropagation process. The other approach implies certain modifications in the structures of the neural network, neuron and neural signals.
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In the paper, evaluation of two approaches to modelling of hemodialysis is performed. Results obtained by regression are compared to those generated by neural models. Differences in the modelling quality are small. Both models shown the same qualitative dependencies between analyzed parameters.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono możliwość zastosowania uczących się sieci logicznych (adaptative logic networks) do diagnostyki transformatorów w oparciu o wyniki analizy chromatograficznej rozpuszczonych w oleju gazów (Dissolved Gas Analysis - DGA). Zestawiono wyniki w postaci reguł logicznych uzyskanych tą metodą obliczeń inteligentnych (soft computing) z regułami zbudowanymi według międzynarodowego kodu IEC (International Electrotechnical Commision).
EN
In the paper, application of adaptive logic networks to the diagnosis of power transformers on (he basis dissolved gas analysis of is presented. The results in the form of logical rules obtained using the proposed method are compared to those given by the IEC code.
EN
Potential contours are methods for automatic image analysis. In the present paper, potential contours adapted in the supervised way are used for segmentation of disjoint objects and examined using medical images.
EN
Dealing with the problem of co-ordination of subjects involved in kidney transplantation the paper displays new possibilities of using complex information systems for integration of dialysis centres and specialised health care units. Growing requirements of information system customers and development of object modeling methods stimulate creation of complex information systems designed to assist the work of medical staff. In the system presented in the paper information needs of customers are modeled by means of UML diagrams and the system itself involves a number of computer technologies, like inference in uncertainty conditions, artificial intelligence algorithms, knowledge bases, distributed processing, and Internet techniques. The system implementation covers numerous functional modules which are necessary to ensure efficient assistance of medical staff in their work, to improve the quality of patients’ life, and to carry out research in the fields of medicine and computer science.
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Content available remote Notes on a linguistic description as the basis for automatic image understanding
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The main paradigm of image understanding and a concept for its practical machine realisation are presented. The crucial elements of the presented approach are the formalisation of human knowledge about the class of images that are to be automatically interpreted, a linguistic description and the realization of cognitive resonance.
EN
In the paper, selected visualization methods are described such as: surface rendering, volume rendering and the simplest approach basing on texture mapping. This work, however, does not aim at a detailed description of those methods but at a friendly presentation of possible ways of visualization and their features which can be of importance for a physician who has some expectations or needs, such as gaining insight into a 3-D object. Those expectations can be satisfied for example by making incisions or using surface transparency option which significantly improves visualization effect and can be of use in diagnostic process.
EN
Medical objects are based on different formats, where graphics are the most representative. They provide us with tremendous volumes of the data, very troublesome in management processes. For simplifying these processes, many works for simple and fast descriptors finding were undertaken. Fashionable platform for solving these problems one can be found in XML environment. This technology enables ordering and simple organisation of the database, with friendly linguistic description of the discussed items.
EN
Medical Image Understanding is a recently defined semantic oriented image recognition task. Its specific requirements, highlighting complex characteristics of recognised objects as well as indispensable use of human-level expert knowledge almost every step of data processing sets new requirements for implemented algorithms. This paper focuses on linguistic image description method, designed to segment low level, semantically coherent image regions and mine adjacency relations among them. Example method results on medical images are presented to specify some methods properties.
EN
The paper focuses on textual semi-structured data processing and mining. An original composition of a simple method of textual data mining [1] and Yager's linguistic summaries of databased [2] proposed in the paper makes it possible to summarize not only numerical or string data, but – even and especially – the textual noncrisp and semi-structured information as well. As a result of application and implementation of the presented method to a real medical database a user-friendly and easy-to-operate system is achieved.
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