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EN
Recount to rebuild: on some aspects of the recent Polish urban prose. The article focuses on some aspects of city space in novels and tales of Polish writers (Huelle, Chwin, Kowalewski, Krajewski) debuting at the end of the 1980s. The works analyzed can be included in the typological category of socalled urban prose (proza urbanistyczna) since architectural background is strongly emphasized in their literary world in order to achieve maximum spatial realism through the detailed description of specific places. The article aims to define how the literary description of cities that have become part of the Polish state since World War II follows a broader project of historical-cultural roots and city genius reconstruction.
EN
The paper is a comparison of three translations of Tadeusz Konwicki’s novel Bohiń. After an overall evaluation of the specific characteristics of the Polish language spoken in the Vilnius area, the author focuses on its lexical aspects and in particular on words reflecting the complex social, political, and cultural reality of the northern Kresy. The analysis of the strategies adopted to render the novel’s realities, conducted on the basis of a classification of realia proposed by Krzysztof Hejwowski, enables the author to indicate how some of these words play an important role in the creation of Tadeusz Konwicki’s fictional and mythical universe.
5
Content available Venezia nella poesia di Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz
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EN
The article explores the problem of the representation of Venice in Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s poetry, starting from the short series “Tram Tickets,” from the mid-1920s, to the masterful “Ode on the Destruction of Venice,” a true farewell and poetic testament of the writer. This study seeks to define the characteristics of the city’s genius loci, tracing the relationships between romantic historicism, perceptual poetics, and the decadent aestheticism of Iwaszkiewicz. For the poet, Venice constituted a complex palimpsest where every added word necessarily had to be negotiated with a complex and cumbersome tradition of texts and images; every attempt to define the nature of the city implied a Sisyphean effort to find a pure and non-conditioned look. For this reason, he was convinced that Venice could be described only indirectly, through the rhetorical tools—similes, synaesthesia, metaphors —offered by poetic language. Iwaszkiewicz’s representation of Venice appears to be rooted in particular in the modernist tradition and in its complex network of cultural and symbolic references. The essay highlights the influence of John Keats and Aleksandr Blok, as well as the specific interpretation of the figures of Endymion and Salome, symbols of eternal youth and beauty, the myths on which the poetics of the Polish writer was based. Among all the cities that are reflected in Iwaszkiewicz’s works, Venice is the one that best expresses his conception of the crisis of European civilisation, awareness of the end of a historical period, and hope of a future palingenesis.
IT
L’articolo affronta il problema della rappresentazione di Venezia nella produzione lirica di Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz a partire dalle brevi poesie del ciclo “Biglietti del tram”, della metà degli anni Venti, sino all’Ode sulla distruzione di Venezia, scritta alla fine della sua vita, vero e proprio commiato e testamento poetico dello scrittore. Nello studio si cerca di definire le caratteristiche del genius loci della città, tracciando i rapporti tra lo storicismo romantico, la poetica percettiva e l’estetismo decadente dello scrittore. Per Iwaszkiewicz, Venezia si poneva come un complesso palinsesto dove ogni parola aggiunta doveva necessariamente venire negoziata con una complessa e ingombrante tradizione di testi e di immagini, ogni tentativo di definizione implicava la fatica sisifea di ritrovare uno sguardo puro, originario, non condizionato. Per questa ragione era convinto che Dario Prola 196 Venezia potesse venire descritta al meglio solo in modo indiretto, attraverso gli strumenti retorici - similitudini, sinestesie, metafore - offerte dal linguaggio poetico. La rappresentazione di Venezia di Iwaszkiewicz appare radicata in particolare nella tradizione modernista e nella sua complessa rete di riferimenti culturali e simbolici. Nel saggio si mette in evidenza l’influenza di John Keats e di Aleksandr Blok, la specifica interpretazione delle figure di Endimione e di Salomè, simboli dell’eterna giovinezza e della bellezza, i miti su cui si fondava la poetica dello scrittore polacco. Tra tutte le città che trovano espressione nella sua letteratura, Venezia è quella che meglio esprime la sua concezione della crisi della civiltà europea, la consapevolezza della fine di una fase storica, la speranza di una prossima palingenesi.
EN
In the second half of last century the literary criticism has produced a large number of studies about the literary space. Even today many scholars of literature, applying various lines of research, demonstrate that the space, as it wrote Janusz Slawinski at the end of seventies of last century, “is not simply one of the components of the reality of representation, but is the semantic crux of the text and of all its internal order.' This article - through analysis of the spatial structure of the tale “Przeprowadzka' by the polish writer Paweł Huelle, and particularly through the study of the relationship between space, time and others narrative elements such as setting, plot and characters - shows the attempt implemented by narrator to recover the lost space of memory. The narrative of Paweł Huelle represents one of the most prolific and topical trends of Polish fiction in the last twenty years, which tries to redefine the Polish values in a more open and modern view, whereby culture means above all exchange, mediation and transformation. The house of the tale, as well as his large garden dotted with the ruins of Great Germany, embodies the modern concept of the homeland spreading recently in European society, that is homeland as a place that is no longer just the land of fathers, but a space of a complex and layered identity, maybe conflictual and neurotic, but also conscious of its richness and diversity.
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