51 species (14 new to the list) from 14 families of freshwater fishes utilising or frequenting North Carolina's coastal watershed ecosystems are known to have been swept by freshwater inflows into nursery or marine habitats. 114 marine species (37 new to the list) from 45 families have been subject to marine intrusions into freshwater habitats for varying periods of time. The majority of the species affected (?90%) are estuarine-dependent fishes that utilise many water-sheds as nursery shelter areas for feeding, growth and safety. Much remains unresolved as to how freshwater inflows or marine intrusions affect the survival, welfare and ultimate contribution of coastal ecosystem fishes to an area's or a nation's future fisheries.
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