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Comparison of micropropagation methods in Polish cultivars of barley and oat

100%

Kruczkowska H. , Pawlowska H. , Skucinska B.

Biotechnologia

2010

nr 2

83-88

Obtaining transgenic plants in cereal cultivars of agronomic value requires an efficient method of micropropagation which does not cause additional variation. Recently suggested protocols consist in inducing regeneration of multiple shoots from apical meristems of seedlings derived in vitro from mature dry seeds. We have compared the efficiency of three protocols: after Zhang et al. (4), Sharma et al. (8) and Ganeshan et al. (10) in several Polish cultivars of barley and oat. I In the examined cultivars, the protocol after Ganeshan et al. (10) proved to be more efficient, less laborious and faster.

Influence of anther pretreatment on the efficiency of androgenesis in barley

100%

Kruczkowska H. , Pawlowska H. , Skucinska B.

nr 3

287-296

The change in the developmental pathway of microspores from gametophytic to sporophytic is induced by stress during pretreatment of spikes and anthers. In our experiments, anther culture of three barley cultivars was tested with regard to the effect of chilling at 4?C for 28 days, starvation in 0.3 M mannitol solution for 4 days, and a combination of both methods. Chilling was shown to increase embryo/callus formation, while mannitol treatment favoured plant development, including development of green plants; simultaneous application of the two stress factors for 4 days proved to be ineffective. The tested cultivars exhibited a similar ability (calculated per 100 transferred embryos/calli) to develop plants without pretreatment; however, their responses to stress varied greatly. The collected data indicate that mannitol pretreatment, as compared to chilling, is more efficient in responsive cultivars.