The paper considers a new perspective in research which psychology is facing at present. It is related to a spectacular progress in neuroscience. Implementing both the latest research results concerning the functioning of neural systems and new non-invasive techniques of brain examination in psychology constitutes a serious challenge and, simultaneously, offers unprecedented opportunities for the discipline. This paper posits that assuming neuro perspective in psychologic research leads to a new quality. Knowledge concerning neural structures and mechanisms responsible for behavioural, cognitive and emotional activity will force out the knowledge based on theoretical constructs. High complexity of neural mechanisms underlying human behaviour, emotional and cognitive processes, revealed in research conducted with the use of neuroimaging techniques or measuring the activity of single neural cells, whose results cannot be incorporated into relatively simple (in the conceptual sense) theoretical constructs.