Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Modifying effect of electron beam irradiation on magnetic property of iron-bearing minerals

100%

Wang H. , Lu S.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2014

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tom Vol. 50, iss. 1

79--86

EN

The effect of electron beam irradiation on magnetic property of iron bearing minerals was investigated by susceptibility measurements. The results show that the magnetic susceptibility of iron bearing sulfide minerals can be enhanced remarkably by strong beam current irradiation, while the magnetic susceptibility of oxidized iron minerals keeps unchanged and even is slightly reduced. The magnetic susceptibility of arsenopyrite can reach the ferromagnetic level. The particle size of irradiated minerals makes notable effects on magnetic susceptibility. The magnetic susceptibility of irradiated minerals is enhanced greatly with reduction of particle size, and the irradiation dose corresponding to the maximum magnetic susceptibility is decreased simultaneously. Exposure of pyrite to small beam current electron irradiation can only enhance its magnetic susceptibility from 4 to 5-fold. Enhancement of magnetic property by radiation induced defects and excitation in minerals is limited. Strong beam current electron irradiation provides a novel approach to enlarge the magnetic property differences between iron bearing minerals.

2

Incorporating Fault Tolerance into Component-based Architectures for Embedded Systems

100%

Lu S. , Halang W. A.

Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems

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2009

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tom Vol. 3, No. 1

46-51

EN

Component-based software architecture is presented to support the process of designing and developing fault-tolerant computerised control systems. To this end, we combine an idealised fault-tolerant component, the C2 architecture style and protective wrappers, and embed fault tolerance techniques into component definitions. The resulting architecture is described by normal- and abnormal-activity components aiming to support a wide range of fault tolerance features. Use of this architecture enables to reason about system dependability already from the earliest development stages on, and to customise fault tolerance strategies according to application characteristics.

3

Wavelength-switchable fiber ring laser using chirped Moiré fiber grating combined with Sagnac loop interferometr

80%

Lu S. , Zhang M. , Feng S.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2013

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tom R. 89, nr 1b

11--14

EN

A simple, cost-effective and switchable five-wavelength fiber ring laser based on a chirped moiré fiber grating (CMFG) and a wavelengthtunable Sagnac loop interferometer (FSI) filter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. To serve as wavelength selective element, the CMFG possesses excellent comb-like filtering characteristics, and its fabrication method is easy and flexible. The usage of the FSI filter helps remove the high-cost optical circulator and improve the output performance of optical signal-to-noise ratio.

PL

Zaproponowano i przedstawiono eksperymentalnie prosty, tani światłowodowy laser żyroskopwy z przełączanymi pięcioma długościami fali. Zastosowano siatkę dyfrakcyjną z efektem mory ze skomprymowanego włókna (CMFG) oraz, w pętli strojenia, filtr z interferometrem z pętlą Signac’a (FSI). Wykorzystana jako element selektywny, ustalający długość fali, siatka CMFG zapewnia doskonałą, grzebieniową charakterystykę filtru, ponadto metoda jej wytwarzania jest łatwa i elastyczna. Wykorzystanie filtru FSI pomaga obniżyć koszt układu i zapewnia na wyjściu dobry stosunek sygnał/szum.

4

Influence of forest coverage on basin runoff in China’s Loess Plateau

80%

Wang X. , Bi H. , Song Q. , Lu S.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2015

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tom 24

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nr 2

EN

In order to reveal the impact of forest coverage on runoff of the basin in the Loess Plateau of China, multi-year observational data were collected from 53 basins located in a typical loess area of the Loess Plateau of China. The impact was investigated using trend analysis, regression fitting, and serial cluster analysis. The results showed that 25% forest coverage is the partition point impacting the mean annual runoff coefficient, dividing the basins into two groups with forest coverage <25% and forest coverage ≥25%. For the former, the correlation between forest coverage and the mean annual runoff coefficient is very weak, while for the latter, the correlations conform to negative exponential function, the correlation is significantly negative at 0.01 level and the correlation coefficient is 0.614, and forest coverage has a relatively large impact on the mean annual runoff coefficient and that the mean annual runoff coefficient decreases significantly as forest coverage increases. Therefore, revegetation within 25% forest coverage will not have a large impact on local water resources, and the results provide some reference for revegetation in areas of the Loess Plateau of China.

5

Decision Prediction Using Visual Patterns

80%

Qin L. , Zhong N. , Lu S. , Li M.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2013

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tom Vol. 127, nr 1-4

545--560

EN

Lack of understanding of users' underlying decision making process results in the bottleneck of EB-HCI (eye movement-based human-computer interaction) systems. Meanwhile, considerable findings on visual features of decision making have been derived from cognitive researches over past few years. A promising method of decision prediction in EB-HCI systems is presented in this article, which is inspired by the looking behavior when a user makes a decision. As two features of visual decision making, gaze bias and pupil dilation are considered into judging intensions. This method combines the history of eye movements to a given interface and the visual traits of users. Hence, it improves the prediction performance in a more natural and objective way. We apply the method to an either-or choice making task on the commercial Web pages to test its effectiveness. Although the result shows a good performance only of gaze bias but not of pupil dilation to predict a decision, it proves that hiring the visual traits of users is an effective approach to improve the performance of automatic triggering in EB-HCI systems.

6

A Body Characteristic Index to Evaluate the Level of Risk of Heat Strain for a Group of Workers With a Test

80%

Lu S. , Peng H. , Gao P.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2014

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tom Vol. 20, No. 4

647--659

EN

The purpose of this study was to develop a body characteristic index (BCI) based on the distribution of maximal oxygen uptake per body mass (VO2max/mass), body surface area per body mass (BSA/mass), and percentage of body fat (Fat%) to evaluate the relative level of individual physiological responses to heat strain in a group of workers. BCI was based upon the data obtained from 10 males and 10 females exercising for 60 min on a treadmill at 2 relative exercise intensities of 25% and 45% VO2max in mild, warm wet, and hot dry climate condition, separately. BCI was developed into 2 formulas, which were proved to be better predictors for heat strain responses than each individual characteristic, and more sensitive than body type to describe the distributions of individual characteristics and distinguish the differences in physiological responses to heat.

7

Hardness identification of rock based on multi-sensor information fusion during the process of roadway tunnelling

80%

Wang H. , Lu S. , Huang M. , Zhao X.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2020

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tom Vol. 68, nr 6

1301--1309

EN

In this paper, a new dynamic model was proposed for identifying the rock hardness during the process of roadway tunnelling, thereby regulating the speed of the driving motor and the torque of the cutting head. The presented identification model establishes a multi-information feature database containing vibration signals in the y-axis, acoustic emission signals, cutting current signals, and temperature signals. Subsequently, we obtain the membership functions (MFs) of the given multiple signals with the amount of feature samples according to the principle of minimum fuzzy entropy. Furthermore, a rock hardness identification model was established based on multi-sensor information fusion and Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory. To prove the accuracy of the proposed model, an identification experiment was carried out through the cutting of a poured mixed rock specimen with five grades of hardness. As a result, the proposed identification model recognizes the rock hardness accurately for fifteen sampling points, which indicates the significance of the method with regard to the dynamic identification of rock hardness during the process of roadway tunnelling, and further provides data support for adjusting the speed of the cutting head adaptively, thereby achieving high efficiency tunnelling.

8

Frictional Coefficient Change of Groove Surface in Compact Spinning with a Suction Groove

80%

Ma H. C. , Lu S. , Cheng L. D. , Hua Z.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2013

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tom Vol. 21, no. 5 (101)

40--42

EN

Compared with conventional ring spinning, compact spinning with a suction groove can reduce hairiness and improve yarn quality, and it has certain advantages to long staple fibre. In this article, we analyse the changing rule of rotational speed and study the change curve of the frictional coefficient in the gathering zone. The results show that the fibre bundles’ rotational speed at each point along the surrounding arc gradually decreases from the maximum to zero in the gathering area, but the rotating speed of the fibre bundles is constant in the suction hole. The angle between the parallel component speed and that at each point is near to a linear change in the no suction hole, with there being no change in the suction hole. The parallel component of the frictional coefficient for each point is a variable in the no suction hole, being constant in the suction hole.

PL

Porównując konwencjonalne przędzenie obrączkowe i przędzenie kompaktowe z zastosowaniem rowka ssącego można stwierdzić, że uzyskuje się polepszenie włochatości przy stosowaniu przędzenia z rowkiem. Analizowano charakterystykę zmiany prędkości i krzywe współczynnika tarcia w strefie zbiorczej. Stwierdzono, że prędkość wirowania wiązek włókien zmniejsza się w każdym punkcie łuku toru przędzy, ale prędkość wirowania wiązek włókien jest stała w rowku ssącym. W artykule poddano szczegółowej analizie prędkości i zachowanie przędzy w poszczególnych punktach toru przędzenia.

9

Correlation between the physical property, eating quality and the molecular structure of rice-starchy systems

80%

Lii C. Y. , Lai V. M. F. , Lu S. , Tsai M. L.

Żywność Technologia Jakość. Suplement

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1998

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tom 05

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nr 4

72-86

10

Hardness identification of rock based on multi-sensor information fusion during the process of roadway tunnelling

71%

Wang H. , Lu S. , Huang M. , Zhao X. , Wang H. , Lu S. , Huang M. , Zhao X.

|

2020

|

nr 6

11

Phytoplankton pigments and functional community structure in relation to environmental factors in the Pearl River Estuary

71%

Chai C. , Jiang T. , Cen J. , Ge W. , Lu S.

Oceanologia

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2016

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tom 58

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nr 3

12

Defferential response to paraquat induced oxidative stress in two rice cultivars on antioxidants and chlorophyll a fluorescnce

71%

Guo Z. , Huang M. , Lu S. , Yaqing Z. , Zhong Q.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2007

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tom 29

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nr 1

EN

The responses of antioxidative system and photosystem II photochemistry of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to paraquat induced oxidative stress were investigated in a chilling-tolerant cultivar Xiangnuo no. 1, and a chilling-susceptible cultivar, IR-50. Electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of Xiangnuo no. 1 were little affected by paraquat, but they increased in IR-50. After paraquat treatment, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity remained high in Xiangnuo no. 1, while it declined in IR-50. Activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) declined with oxidative stress in both cultivars, but Xiangnuo no. 1 had higher GR activity than IR-50. Under paraquat induced oxidative stress, ascorbic acid (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations remained high in Xiangnuo no. 1, but decreased in IR-50. The results indicated that higher activities of SOD and GR and higher contents of AsA and GSH in Xiangnuo no. 1 under paraquat induced oxidative stress were associated with its tolerance to paraquat, while paraquat induced damage to IR-50 was related to decreased activities of SOD, APX and GR and contents of AsA and GSH. Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, and qP remained high in Xiangnuo no. 1, while they decreased greatly in IR-50 under paraquat induced oxidative stress.

13

Leaching of heavy metals from MSWI fly ash : experiments vs. simulation

71%

Qiu Q. , Jiang X. , Chen Z. , Lu S. , Ni M.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2018

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tom Vol. 44, no. 2

55--61

EN

In this work, pH-dependence experiments and leaching modeling using Visual MINTEQ were performed to evaluate the stability and simulate the leaching characteristics of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash. Modeling the equilibrium concentration of Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn in raw and treated fly ash was the main target and was conducted over a pH range of 0.5–14. In addition, simulation of the leaching behavior of MSWI fly ash with different additives was also conducted. The treated fly ash was solidified by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process with added phosphate. The initial elemental concentrations of MSWI fly ash, including raw and treated fly ash, were detected by a microwave apparatus and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The ICP-AES analysis showed that most leaching concentrations of treated fly ash decreased considerably compared to the raw fly ash. The simulation results indicated that the dissolution/precipitation simulation models of Zn, Cu and Pb were broadly consistent with the experimental results, while the leaching behaviors of Ni, Cr and Cd were determined by both dissolution/precipitation and surface complexation mechanisms. In addition, the models of reagent solidification revealed that the stabilization effect of Na2S was better than that of Na2CO3. This model will be useful in the evaluation of the leaching concentrations of heavy metals in fly ash.

14

Phytoplankton pigments and functional community structure in relation to environmental factors in the Pearl River Estuary

71%

Chai C. , Jiang T. , Cen J. , Ge W. , Lu S.

Oceanologia

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2016

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tom No. 58 (3)

201--211

EN

Two cruises were undertaken in the Pearl River Estuary in November 2011 and March 2012 to analyze the distribution of phytoplankton pigments and to define the relationships of pigment indices and functional community structure with environmental factors. Among 22 pigments, 17 were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. Chlorophyll a was found in all samples, with a maximum of 7.712 μg L-1 in spring. Fucoxanthin was the most abundant accessory pigment, with mean concentrations of 2.914 μg L-1 and 0.207 μg L-1 in spring and autumn, respectively. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c2, fucoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, and diatoxanthin were high in the northern or northwest estuary in spring and in the middle-eastern and northeast estuary in autumn. Chlorophyll b, chlorophyll c3, prasinoxanthin, and peridinin were similarly distributed during the two cruises. Chlorophyll a and fucoxanthin positively correlated with nutrients in spring, whereas 19′-hex-fucoxanthin and 19′-but-fucoxanthin negatively correlated. The biomass proportion of microphytoplankton (BPm) was higher in spring, whereas that of picophytoplankton (BPp) was higher in autumn. BPm in spring was high in areas with salinity <30, but BPp and the biomass proportion of nanophytoplankton (BPn) were high in areas with salinity >30. BPm increased but BPn reduced with the increase in nutrient contents. By comparison, BPp reduced with the increase in nutrient contents in spring, but no relationship was found between BPp and nutrient contents in autumn. The ratios of photosynthetic carotenoids to photoprotective carotenoids in the southern estuary approached unity linear relationship in spring and were under the unity line in autumn.

15

Distribution Characteristics of TOC, TN and TP in the Wetland Sediments of Longbao Lake in the San-Jiang Head Waters

61%

Lu S. , Si J. , Qi Y. , Wang Z. , Wu X. , Hou C.

Acta Geophysica

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2016

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tom Vol. 64, no. 6

2471--2486

EN

The study deals with the distribution of nutrients in wetland sediments, which provide the basis for revealing the wetland eutrophication processes and mechanisms of internal pollution sources. The total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents and distribution characteristics of sediment samples were examined. The results showed that the TOC concentration ranged from 3.81 to 15.6 g/kg, the TN concentration ranged from 0.21 to 1.18 g/kg with a mean concentration of 0.66 g/kg, and the TP concentration ranged from 0.16 to 0.35 g/kg with a mean of 0.23 g/kg. Statistical analysis showed close correlations between TOC and TN (R2 = 0.96), and TN and TP (R2 = 0.97), which indicated that the TN and TP in the sediments were from similar sources. The concentrations of TOC, TN, and TP in Longbao Lake wetland sediments were too low for eutrophication to occur. Our investigation indicated that Longbao Lake undergoes natural evolution rather than anthropogenic activities.

16

Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of (Z)-1-[2-(Tri-o-tolylstannyl)vinyl]-1-cyclopentanol and Its o-Tolylhalostannyl Derivatives

61%

Zhu D. , Lu S. , Mei Z. , Gao W. , Zhang Y. , Mu Y. , Wang Z.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

|

2004

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tom Vol. 78 / nr 1

63-70

EN

(Z)-1-[2-(Tri-o-tolylstannyl)vinyl]-1-cyclopentanol (1) was synthesized by the additive reaction of 1-ethynylcyclopentanol with tri-o-tolyltin hydride. One or two of the o-tolyl groups of compound 1 was substituted by I, Br or Cl to yield derivatives of the type CH2(CH2)3CH(OH)CH=CHSn(o-tol)3-nXn [n = 1, X = I (2), Br (3), Cl (4); n = 2, X = Br (5)]. The compounds 1-5 were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The crystal and molecular structures of 1 and 2 have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The Sn atom in 1exhibits a tetrahedral geometry distorted towards trigonal bipyramid, due to a weak intramolecular interaction between Sn and hydroxyl O atoms [2.813(4) A], while the Sn atom in 2 adopts a trigonal bipyramidal geometry with a significant Sn(1) O(1) interaction [2.553(4) A].

17

Pollution remediation by urban forests: PM2.5 reduction in Beijing, China

61%

Chen B. , Lu S. , Zhao Y. , Li S. , Yang X. , Wang B. , Zhang H.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2016

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tom 25

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nr 5

EN

We based our research on real-time monitoring data for PM2.5 at the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Monitoring Center of Haidian Beijing Botanical Garden (a vegetated area), and at Haidian Wanliu (a non-vegetated area). By combining these two data points with the PM2.5 and meteorological data from a separate monitoring station in Beijing Botanical Garden’s forest interior, we analyzed the daily fluctuation, regional variation, and foliar adsorption characteristics of PM2.5 in varied environments (Feb.-Dec. 2013 and Jan.-Feb. 2014). Our results show a double peak and valley pattern of PM2.5 daily variation and daytime values greater than nighttime measurements. Average annual PM2.5 concentration values at different monitoring stations were Haidian Wanliu (100.61±26.49 μg·m-3), greater than at the Beijing Botanical Garden forest interior monitoring station (89.72±23.49 μg·m-3), and both greater than at Haidian Beijing Botanical Garden (77.72±23.37 μg·m-3). The maximum PM2.5 concentrations during 12 months were all in Haidian Wanliu (non-vegetated area), while the minimums were all in Haidian Beijing Botanical Garden (vegetated), Haidian Wanliu being 83.33% of the time higher in PM2.5 concentration than Beijing Botanical Garden forest interior. Possibly because of the trees, PM2.5 concentrations in the forest area were lower than that in the non-vegetated area. We find an average PM2.5 adsorption capacity per unit leaf area of 0.048±0.031 μg·cm-2 - 0.645±0.034 μg·cm-2 in May, and 0.058±0.006 μg·cm-2 - 0.887±0.014 μg·cm-2 in June for the 10 tree species included in our study. Of these 10, incense Cedrus deodara evidences the greatest adsorption and Sophora japonica shows the minimum. As a whole, conifers adsorb at 1.32 times the rate of broadleaf tree species, according to our data. PM2.5 adsorption capacity was greater in June (0.294±0.227 μg·cm-2) than in May (0.215±0.184 μg·cm-2). Daily and annual variation in different regions falls into a pattern where Haidian Wanliu pollution is greater than Beijing Botanical Garden forest interior monitoring station, and both are greater than Haidian Beijing Botanical Garden, which confirms the forest ecosystem’s involvement. It appears that the forest has many functions, including atmospheric purification by adsorption of PM2.5 and other particulates as evidenced by better air quality in forest areas than in non-vegetated sites. Furthermore, forest clearings show better air quality than the forest interior.

18

What determines the change of lakes in large cities under climate change and anthropogenic activities? Evidence from Eastern China

51%

Wang H. , Mao L. , Lu S. , Ying J. , Jiang Q. , Yuan R. , Liu X. , Wang M. , Zhao D.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2019

|

tom 28

|

nr 3

EN

Lakes are one of the most important wetland types on the earth with many ecosystem functions. With continuing economic growth and climate change, lake abundance and surface areas throughout the world have been threatened by many factors, including by human and environmental disruptions. However, we still have limited knowledge on how human activities and climate change affect lake reductions and associated ecosystem services. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of lake shrinkage will help maintain an ecological balance in urban planning, especially in rapidly developing countries. We explore the determinants of lake shrinkage and abundance reduction from the 1980s to the 2010s using remote sensing data of lakes in two large cities in eastern China: Nanchang and Shanghai. In order to account for the non-independence of time-series data, time series auto-regressive generalized least squares (GLS) models were used to examine the relationship between lake area/abundance and human activities and climate change. Our results show that human activities rather than climate change, are the most important determinants for the areas and numbers of lake shrinkage, and gross domestic product (GDP) and population size could explain more than half of the variation in the number and area of lakes with areas larger than 20 ha in the two cities. GDP and lake area shrinkage do not exhibit a linear relationship. This highlights the importance of wetland protection in the early development stage. Because the main determinants are human activities, cities have the ability to protect wetlands via suitable planning.