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Content available remote Stan odkształceń i naprężeń w obszarze karbu w ujęciu koncepcji Neubera
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PL
W pracy przedstawiono koncepcję Neubera w odniesieniu do wyznaczania teoretycznego współczynnika spiętrzenia naprężeń. Podano interpretację graficzną postulatu dla obciążeń symetrycznych i niesymetrycznych. Wskazano na możliwość określenia trwałości zmęczeniowej elementu z karbem na podstawie badania próbek gładkich.
EN
The paper presents a Neuber's conception with reference to define theoretical stress concentration factor (SCF). Presented graphical interpretation of postulate for symmetric loads and asymmetric loads. Pointed at possibility determinate of fatigue life of elements with notch research specimen without notch.
2
Content available remote Heat Treatment Influence on LCF Properties of X20Cr13 Stainless Steel
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EN
The present paper deals with analyzing the influence of mechanical parameters of quenched and tempered X20Cr13 Stainless Steel on the LCF properties. Specimens were heated to 1000°C, kept in this temperature for 45 minutes and subsequently quenched in oil to room temperature, then heated to 550°C, 620°C or 700°C (for different specimens), kept in the heat for 15 minutes and cooled to the room temperature, in order to obtain required hardness. Micro-hardness and hardness of the structure in transversal specimen section were measured. The LCF tests were carried out for three different strain amplitudes between 0.5% and 1.5%. Relationships between hardness, strain amplitude and low cycle fatigue life were also determined.
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PL
Prezentowane stanowisko umożliwia prowadzenie badań eksploatacyjnych w warunkach laboratoryjnych wszelkich przekładni cięgnowych. Stanowisko może być wykorzystane w dydaktyce umożliwiając zapoznanie studentów z kinematyką przekładni pasowych i łańcuchowych. W przekładniach pasowych pozwala na wyznaczanie typowych charakterystyk sprawności i poślizgu w zależności od zmiany wymuszeń zewnętrznych, a w badaniach przekładni łańcuchowych, gdzie głównym celem jest analiza rozkładu ogniw łańcucha rolkowego na kole czynnym, pozwala określić wpływ zmiany obciążenia na wartość kąta opasania koła czynnego. W stanowisku zastosowano układ sterowania ciągłego wymuszeń zewnętrznych oraz pomiaru i rejestracji danych z wykorzystaniem nowoczesnej techniki cyfrowej.
EN
The present paper deals with a design of a universal tester of chain and belt transmissions. It can be useful to extend students' knowledge about the kinematics of this type of transmission systems. By applying a simple change of tester instrumentation, the device can be used for two different purposes. In the first case, we can determine typical curve characteristics of efficiency and slide in belt transmissions depending on loading. In the second case, we can analyze the distribution of chain link on the driving wheel and also the influence of loading on the contact angle value. The device has been equipped with modern digital control systems to perform continuous recordings of loading, measurements and other data.
EN
The paper presents the design of a manipulator for servicing the elements of water and sewage infrastructure, in particular for installation and dismantling of pressure transducers without the need for earthmoving. To build this device the resilient elements, cold shaped, responsible for centering the manipulator in the technical tube were used. In their construction a method was applied of estimating the value of residual stresses in the cold shaped material, based on measurements of instrumental hardness. The experimental verification of numerical simulation of instrumental hardness measurements of flat springs made of 1.1274 steel is described.
EN
The paper presents experimental optimization of geometrical conditions regarding the shape of billet’s end pieces in the extrusion process of aluminum alloys. The experiments were performed using appropriately pre-treated plasticine as a substitute material. A special test stand was built using a Plexiglass die in order to make it possible to conduct observations and measurements of the modeled contamination surface. To find the best solution, a great number of shape variants of the billets and of their heating temperatures were experimentally analyzed. An attempt was made to find such a solution that could not only resolve the issue of the removal of contaminants from the contact surface of the pre- heated billets but also develop the least complicated technology of billet fabrication. The test results show how to develop the design process and production technology and also offer advice how to improve the quality of the produced profiles. Finally the authors recommend such a shape for the billets that will ensure effective removal of contaminants from the contact surfaces.
EN
The previous mini-hydrogenator rotors’ prototypes were made of ABS thermoplastic material with use of fused deposition modelling (FDM). However, there is a need for such rotors made of metallic materials with higher strength. In paper three dimensional printing (3DP) as rapid prototyping technology, was presented, to execute a shell mould of rotor prototype. In initial phase, the moulds were prepared which allow to cast a simple geometric solid with different alloys, for comparative reasons. The form of rotor and testing cast moulds were designed using universal CAD environment and printed composite using material zp151 (Calcium sulfate hemihydrate) with a binder zb63 (2- pyrrolidone) for preparation of colourful presentation models or casting models. The suitability of technology usage with alloys of copper , aluminium and zinc, was analyzed. The strength of the mould during casting, a material resistant to high temperature, the quality of received casting and its surface roughness were assumed as the comparative parameters which characterized method.
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