In this paper, we introduce and study the notions of upper and lower rarely s-precontinuous multifunctions which are a generalization of weakly s-precontinuous multifunctions due to Ekici and Park [3].
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The present authors [12] introduced the notion of strong semi-regularity to investigate the class of (0, s)-continuous functions. The aim of this paper is to investigate further this type of regularity.
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The concept of semi δs-irresolute function in topological spaces is introduced and studied. Some of their characteristic properties are considered. Also we investigate the relationships between these classes of functions and other classes of noncontinuous functions.
The aim of this paper is to introduce and characterize a new class of functions called quasi-δ-β-continuous functions in ideal topological spaces by using δ-β-open sets.
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The aim of this paper is devoted to introduce and studya new class of generalized closed sets, namely strongly generalized preclosed sets which is weaker than both of preclosed sets and g* - closed sets (M.K. Kumar, 1999). Moreover, we investigate some properties such as strongly generalized precontinuous and strongly generalized preclosed maps via strongly generalized preclosedness.
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Nakaoka and Oda ([9] and [10]) introduced the notion of maximal open sets and minimal closed sets. In this paper, we introduce new classes of sets called maximal βθ-open sets, minimal βθ-closed sets, βθ-semi maximal open sets and βθ-semi minimal closed sets and investigate some of their fundamental properties.
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In [4], Dontchev introduced and investigated a new notion of continuity called contra-continuity. Recently, Jafari and Noiri ([8], [9], [10]) introduced new generalization of contra-continuity called contra-super-continuity, contra-(…)-continuity and contra-precontinuity. It is the objective of this paper to introduce and study a new class of contra-continuous functions via (…)-closed sets.
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In 1996, Dontchev [14] introduced and investigated a new notion of non-continuity called contra-continuity. Recently, Baker et al. [6] offered a new generalization of contra-continuous functions via λ-closed sets, called almost contra λ-continuous functions. It is the objective of this paper to further study some more properties of such functions.
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The aim of this paper is to introduce the ϒ -open sets in bitopological spaces and utilize them to define and characterize (i, j)ϒ -T0 spaces and a class of continuous mappings.
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In this paper, we introduce and study a new class of functions by using the notions of b-θ-open sets and b-θ-closure operator called weakly BR-open functions. The connections between this function and the other existing topological functions are studied.
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In this paper we introduce and study the concepts of g-lambda alfa-continuous maps, g-lambda alfa-irresolute maps and g-lambda alfa-closed maps by using generalized lambda alfa-sets and generalized Valfa-sets.
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In this paper, we investigated δ-local function and its properties in ideal topological space. Moreover, the relationships other local functions such as local function [1, 3] and semi-local function [2] are investigated.
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The aim of this paper is to introduce and study two new classes of spaces, called semi-g-regular and semi-g-normal spaces. Semi-g-regularity and semi-g-normality are separation properties obtained by utilizing semi-generalized closed sets. Recall that a subset A of a topological space (X, r) is called semi-generalized closed, briefly sg-closed, if the semi-closure of A C X is a subset of U C X whenever A is a subset of U and U is semi-open in (X,r).
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A novel 4-D chaotic hyperjerk system with four quadratic nonlinearities is presented in this work. It is interesting that the hyperjerk system has no equilibrium. A chaotic attractor is said to be a hidden attractor when its basin of attraction has no intersection with small neighborhoods of equilibrium points of the system. Thus, our new non-equilibrium hyperjerk system possesses a hidden attractor. Chaos in the system has been observed in phase portraits and verified by positive Lyapunov exponents. Adaptive backstepping controller is designed for the global chaos control of the non-equilibrium hyperjerk system with a hidden attractor. An electronic circuit for realizing the non-equilibrium hyperjerk system is also introduced, which validates the theoretical chaotic model of the hyperjerk system with a hidden chaotic attractor.
Flora identified within a region plays an important role in maintaining national natural reserves. Iran is one of the most important centers of plant diversity in the Old World (22% endemic species of 8000 plant species). Dehdez burned forest area is located in the southeastern Khuzestan province. The field data were obtained from 115 sample plots in a systematic random grid (20 m × 20 m). The attributes such as tree and shrub species type, the number of species and canopy coverage were recorded. Within each sample plot small and large crown diameters were measured. In order to record herbaceous species, the Whitaker’s snail plot method was applied (100 m² minimum plot area). In this study, 240 plant species were assessed and identified to 158 genera and 42 families. Asteraceae family with 33 species, Papilionaceae with 32 species, Poaceae with 29 species, Apiaceae w ith 27 s pecies a nd Lamiaceae with 18 species prevailed and constituted 57.9% of all the plants observed. Investigation of species life forms showed that Hemicryptophyte plants were most important. Chorological study showed that species found in Irano-Turanian and Common areas of Irano-Turanian and Mediterranean eruption were the most important ecological groups in the region, while other chorotypes were positioned far from the next in importance.