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2 Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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Roots volatiles and fatty acids of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) grown in saline medium

100%

Neffati M. , Marzouk B.

tom 31

nr 3

An hydroponic culture was conducted to investigate the effect of saline stress on the essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) roots. Ten days old coriander seedlings were treated during 3 weeks with different NaCl concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 75 mM). Roots volatile components and fatty acids were analyzed. The essential oil yield was 0.06% in the control, on the basis of dry matter weight, and did not changed at low concentration (25 mM), while it increased significantly with increasing NaCl concentrations to reach 0.12 and 0.21% at 50 and 75 mM NaCl, respectively. The major volatile component was (E)-2-dodecenal with 52% of total essential oil constituents, followed by decanal, dodecanal, (E)-2-tridecenal and (E)-2-dodecenal. Further, the amount of these compounds was affected differently by the NaCl level. Total fatty acid amount of coriander roots increased significantly only with 50 and 75 mM NaCl. Three major fatty acids: linoleic (43%), oleic (25.5%) and palmitic (21.6%) were identified. Linoleic acid amount remains unchanged at 25 mM, while it increased with raising NaCl concentrations. However, oleic acid amount decreased only at 25 mM and no effect was observed at 50 and 75 mM. Fatty acid percentages were differently affected by salt. The oleic/linoleic ratio was reduced with raising NaCl concentrations.

Effects of two sodium salts on fatty acid and essential oil composition of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves

61%

Tarchoune I. , Baatour O. , Harrathi J. , Hamdaoui G. , Lachaal M. , Ouerghi Z. , Marzouk B.

nr 08

The effects of two sodium salts on growth, fatty acids, and essential oil compositions were investigated in a medicinal and aromatic plant, Ocimum basilicum cultivated in hydroponic medium. Plants were subjected to an equimolar concentration of Na2SO4 (25 mM) and NaCl (50 mM) for 15 days. Our results showed that leaf growth rate was more depressed by 25 mM Na2SO4 than by 50 mM NaCl. The total fatty acid contents did not show any change in plants. a-Linolenic, palmitic, and linoleic acids were the major fatty acids. The identification of basil leaf fatty acids has not been previously studied and this work revealed the predominance of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Under both salts, leaf fatty acid composition remained unchanged. Regarding the essential oil yield, it decreased significantly by 28 % under 25 mM Na2SO4 and showed an increase by 27 % under 50 mM NaCl. The major volatile compound in leaves was linalool with 34.3 % of total essential oil constituents, followed by eugenol (19.8 %), 1.8-cineole (14.4 %) and methyl eugenol (5.2 %). Further, levels of eugenol and methyl eugenol were most modulated by salt, and the negative correlation between these two compounds reflects the stimulation of O-methyltransferase activity under both salts.