Hydroxyapatite (HA) was coated onto titanium substrates using radio frequency sputtering, and the coated HA films were crystallized in autocIave at 110°C using the low temperature hydtrothermal method. In pull-out tests, the adhesion strength of the sputtered film to the substrate increased from 1.9 : 0.2 to 5.3 : 1.6 MPa after the hydrothermal treatment. Sputtered films subjected to the hydrothermal treatment and plasma-sprayed coating on titanium columns were implanted in the diaphysis of the femora of six adult dogs, and pull-out tests were carried out after two, four, and 12 weeks. The sputtered film showed a higher bone bonding strength than the plasma-sprayed coating at the same periods. The coated implants were also placed into mandibles for 2,4, 12 and 24 weeks for histological examination. In the histological examination, connective tissue was noted after 2 and 4 weeks around the controls, whereas, in the sputter-coated implant, new bone formation was noted after 2 and 4 weeks, without any connective tissue.
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