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The effect of three run-up techniques on kinetic and kinematic variables of the stag ring leap with throw-catch of the ball in rhythmic gymnastics

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Akkari-Ghazouani H. , Amara S. , Chtara M. , Mkaouer B.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2022

tom Vol. 24, no. 4

109--118

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three run-up steps on the kinetic and kinematic variables of the stag ring leap, with throw-catch of the ball, in high-level rhythmic female gymnasts. The three run-up steps used are a chassé step, glissade, and assemblé. Methods: Seven high-level rhythmic female gymnasts participated in this study. Three run-up steps (i.e., chassé step, glissade and assemblé) were used randomly to perform a stag ring leap with throwing a ball on the jump take-off. 2D kinetic and kinematic analysis was conducted. Results: The results indicated that the assemblé step used in the run-up technique generated greater values of the rate of force development, the highest values of vertical velocity, and the best vertical displacement. In addition, the assemblé step allows for the best opening angle of the split leap and the best closest angle of the ring leg. The same was noted for the front leg’s angular velocity. Conclusion: We concluded that the assemblé step used in the run-up technique appears to favor a greater stag ring leap that meets the Code of Points’ condition for admitting the jump, as well as numerous studies that focus on improving jumping abilities in rhythmic gymnastics.

Effects of eliminating visual cues on kinetic and kinematic parameters in back tuck somersault: A comparison between artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes

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Abahnini N. M. , Abahnini K. , Mkaouer B.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2023

tom Vol. 25, no. 2

93--101

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of vision (i.e., open and closed eyes) on the kinetic and kinematic parameters of the standing back tuck somersault (SBTS) in artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes. Methods: Eleven male parkour athletes (age 22.53 ± 2.36 years; height 1.72 ± 0.08 m; weight 69.58 ± 3.72 kg) and seven male artistic gymnasts (age 21.96 ± 2.64 years; height 1.62 ± 0.02 m; weight 63.54 ± 1.35 kg) participated in this study. Each subject was asked to perform the SBTS in the same condition (i.e., first open-eyes then closed-eyes). 2D kinetic and kinematic analysis was conducted. Results: The results showed significant interaction (i.e., vision and sport) obtained at the take-off angle ( p < 0.05 and d = 1.992), horizontal displacement ( p < 0.05 and d = 1.906) and technical execution ( p < 0.05 and d = 1.972). This interaction indicates that when vision is permitted, artistic gymnasts and parkour athletes were similar in all kinetic and kinematic parameters, and technical execution ( p > 0.05). However, the elimination of vision during SBTS only affected parkour athletes (i.e., landing angle, ground reaction force, vertical velocity and technical execution, p < 0.05 and d >1.20) while artistic gymnasts remain unchanged. Conclusion: We conclude that the specificity of the practice in each of the two sports disciplines influences the kinetic and kinematic control of the SBTS and suggests that with closed-eyes, the integration of afferent information relating to the vestibular and proprioceptive systems is different and specific to each discipline’s goal. Artistic gymnasts seem to be better skilled in the mechanical and technical control of the SBTS than parkour athletes.