The article is based on the assumptions of cultural linguistics and concerns the genre- specificity of a letter. The author, through the analysis of grammatical categories, semantic and pragmatic forms of expression and sentence constructions used by Kraszewska, attempts to reconstruct the linguistic picture of a lonely woman living in the reality of 19th century Warsaw.
The author of the article analyses set phrases that are motivated by the reality of the handicraft work. The analysis proves that Polish proverbs and set phrases depict work as an activity that is a sufficient and dependable source of income, evaluated on the basis of its effects. They also negatively depict people who perform their duties in a sloppy manner.The analysis aims at reconstructing the linguistic image of the husband and father commemorated in the published family correspondence from the end of the nineteenth century. It is based on 277 letters sent by the writer Adolf Dygasiński, who acted as a tutor at the estates, to his wife Natalia and daughter Zofia who were settled in Warsaw. The article corresponds to H. Markiewicz’s essay devoted to methods of creating figures in literary texts; however it mainly stems from the research on the linguistic image of the world. It focuses on the lexical and phraseological layer of the studied texts, taking into account also the pragmatic aspect of the statements, especially the shape of the terminal forms of the opening and closing the letters which are typical for the structure of the genre. The juxtaposition demonstrates the writer’s fundamental traits which are in accordance with the stereotype of the husband preserved in the Polish language (especially responsibility, care, uncompromising nature) and qualities of the personality assigned according to the social role of the father (the role of the practical guide, adviser and defender). The features which go beyond the linguistic-cultural model of the father (understanding, mildness, protectiveness, parental warmth) should be linked to Dygasiński’s family circumstances. After his wife’s death, Dygasiński surrounded his growing-up daughter with special care, repeatedly declaring his total devotion to her.
Literature and impressionism. The linguistic world of Wincenty Byrski’s poetic imagination The article concerns the poetry (poetic language) of Wincenty Byski. The author presents the affinity of Byrski’s literary work with the ways of impressionist writing. Linguistic analysis consists in identifying lexemes and poetic tropes excerpted from selected poems and poems. The author analyzes the units that relate to the sun (partly also to the moon) and light reflections, colors and their shades.
This paper is devoted to the lexeme tchawica from a diachronic perspective. The first part is the description of a trachea (its functions and structure) as an anatomical organ, which is followed by the analysis of its etymology. The main focus of investigation is the description of tchawica in the history of the Polish language and dialects. For this purpose, synonyms, derivatives, variant forms (in terms of phonetics and morphology), names based on foreign words (derived from Latin and Greek), as well as hybrid names, have been pointed out. According to the analysis, these names are differentiated both in terms of motivation and form.
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