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1

Analiza procesów konwergencji i dywergencji oraz ocena poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego obszarów wiejskich Polski Północnej

100%

Jezierska-Thöle A.

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nr 12

11-21

EN

The article describes the level of economic development of rural areas of Northern Poland and analyses the processes of internal (regional) convergence and divergence. To analyse convergence the divergence factor was used, and to assess the level of economic development - the synthetic Wojewodzic indicator. The evaluation uses the indices describing the level of unemployment, as well as entrepreneurship and the income level of the inhabitants

2

Zmiany i kierunki rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego obszarów wiejskich i miejskich dorzecza Drwęcy

100%

Jezierska-Thöle A.

Roczniki Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Bankowej w Toruniu

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2010

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nr 9

11-32

EN

The article presents the diversity in the socio-economic development of rural and urban areas in the River Drwęca Basin conditioned by the demography, history and geography of the region. The time span in question is from 1995 to 2007. In order to delimit the demographic changes the Perkal method was used, while the complex assessment of diversity in economic development was based on Hellwig's synthetic indicator called 'taxonomic method of diversity'. Regional diversity is visible in the following three areas: economic (increased spread of the entrepreneurship index), social (increased diversity in unemployment rate), spatial (in the income of boroughs and in the expenses per head) as well as in agriculture (due to diverse natural conditions and low level of both social and technical infrastructure). The paper also shows the new directions and chances for further development.

3

Zmiany w strukturze pracujących i bezrobocia na obszarach wiejskich Polski Północnej i Zachodniej oraz Niemiec Wschodnich

63%

Gwiaździńska-Goraj M. , Jezierska-Thöle A. , Marta Gwiaździńska-Goraj - Katedra Planowania i Inżynierii Przestrzennej Wydział Geodezji i Gospodarki Przestrzennej U. W.-M. w. O. , Aleksandra Jezierska-Thöle - Katedra Gospodarki Przestrzennej i Turyzmu Wydział Nauk o Ziemi U. M. K. w. T.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica

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2013

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nr 13

EN

As a result of political and economic changes in the labor market in the socialist countries, characterized by a deficiency to 1990 labor market was transformed into a work of insufficient residence in a difficult situation especially in rural areas were the dominance of state-owned farms. The article presents the changes in the structure of employment and unemployment in the rural areas of Northern and Western Poland and East Germany. Comparative analysis of the structure of regional disparities in employment and unemployment in the years 2003–2010 shows the following regularity. Both the Northern and Western Poland and in Eastern Germany progressing economy, the reduction of employment in agriculture, industry and construction in favor of the service sector. In 2010, the employment structure dominated by the service sector and construction industry and, with the share of employment in services in East Germany is much higher (67,1%) than in Northern Poland and Western Europe (40,1%). Based on the participation of employees in the various economic sectors distinguished Polish rural areas of Northern and Western six types of employment, and in East Germany two: industrial and commercial (IV) and tertiary (V). This distinction stems from the large share of employment in services in Germany and in agriculture in Poland. Comparing the regional differences in the unemployment rate in Northern and Western Poland in 2010, it is noted that the minimum value of unemployment in Northern and Western Poland (2,3%) are below the regional minimum recorded in East Germany (7,6%). Analysis of changes in Polish unemployment rate of North and West in the years 2003– 2010 showed greater diversity and intensity of spatial processes. There was a significant polarization of socio-economic structures in comparison with 2002. Deepening polarization processes lead to the isolation of the areas of growth and areas of stagnation.

PL

W wyniku zmian politycznych i gospodarczych rynek pracy Polski i Niemiec Wschodnich, charakteryzujący się do 1990 r. niedoborem siły roboczej, przekształcił się w rynek niedostatecznego popytu na pracę. Szczególnie w trudnej sytuacji znalazły się obszary wiejskie o dominacji państwowych gospodarstw rolnych. W artykule przedstawiono zmiany w strukturze pracujących oraz w poziomie bezrobocia na obszarach wiejskich Polski Północnej i Zachodniej oraz Niemiec Wschodnich. Ważnym elementem pracy było określenie typów zatrudnienia na podstawie udziału zatrudnionych w poszczególnych sektorach ekonomicznych. Analiza porównawcza wykazała, że zarówno w Polsce, jak i w Niemczech nasila się proces tercjalizacji gospodarki, czyli zmniejszenia zatrudnienia w sektorze rolnictwa, przemysłu i budownictwa na korzyść sektora usług.

4

Modele rozwoju sektora usługowego małych miast w polskiej strefie przygranicznej z Niemcami i Rosją

63%

Gwiaździńska-Goraj M. , Jezierska-Thöle A. , Katedra Planowania i Inżynierii Przestrzennej Wydział Geodezji i Gospodarki Przestrzennej Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie , Zakład Gospodarki Przestrzennej i Planowania Strategicznego Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu

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PL

Artykuł przedstawia różnice w rozwoju sektora usług w małych miastach przygranicznych wynikających z odmiennych uwarunkowań społecznych, ekonomicz-nych i prawnych. Celem badań było ukazanie dynamiki, charakteru i tempa zmian w sektorze usług w 2002 i 2010 r. na granicy z Niemcami i Rosją. Wyniki badań ujęte zostały w postaci modelu analogowego.

EN

The article presents how the development of services in small, frontier cities varies according to different social, economic and legal factors. The aim of the article is to show the dynamics, character and speed of changes occurring in 2002 and 2010 in small cities along Poland’s border with Germany and Russia. The results are presented in the form of an analogue model.

5

Tourist routes as a tourism product stimulating the development of tourism in Poland

51%

Glapa Z. , Jezierska-Thöle A. , Goraj S.

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tom Vol. 9, No. 2

17--31

EN

Tourist routes combine cultural and natural heritage and are an inseparable element of tourism space and cultural landscape. In Poland the significance of tourist trails as a tourism product contributing to the development of the tourism economy has increased. The primary aim of this paper was to design a tourist trail combining natural and anthropogenic values. The research was conducted in the commune of Kcynia located in Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeship and consists of a town and 54 villages. The work makes use of the valorisation method, Wejchert’s impression curve. The results show that the Kcynia commune has sufficient natural and cultural values for developing tourism, but its tourism potential is not fully utilised in comparison with that of other communes. First of all, it lacks a well-developed tourism infrastructure. The proposed tourist routes would – in a relatively inexpensive and non-invasive way – enhance the potential and interest of the commune and improve the income of its inhabitants. In addition, it would raise interest in tourism and leisure tourism.

6

The role of rural tourism in sustainable rural development using the example of Kashubia

51%

Mazur P. , Jezierska-Thöle A. , Kozłowska-Adamczak M.

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tom Vol. 11, No. 1

67--78

EN

The Kashubia region is characterized by its rich history and unique folklore, beautiful landscape, natural wealth, clean lakes and magnificent beaches of the Polish coast. Kashubia is also known for its unique language, cuisine, historical sites and music and art. It is undoubtedly, one of the most beautiful corners of Poland. The purpose of the study was to present and characterize the role of rural tourism in the sustainable development of rural areas and to assess the degree of its development in a sustainable direction. The study showed the forms and types of rural tourism and its functions. An important element of the study was the evaluation of tourism development, including accommodation and accompanying facilities in accordance with the concept of green economy, which has a special role in the development of rural areas, due to the fact that it is based on natural resources. The spatial scope concerns the area of historic Kashubia within the administrative boundaries of the three counties of Pomorskie Voivodeship (i.e., Koscierzyna, Chojnice and Kashubia counties). The paper uses a spatial analysis based on data from the Central Statistical Office (CSO) and a survey conducted in 2021-2023. The results of the study clearly indicate that there has been significant progress in the development of tourism infrastructure during the period under review. Rural tourism can contribute to the development of sustainable rural areas of Kashubia, in line with the current of the green economy concept. Of particular importance is folklore and folk art, including folklore events; harvest festivals, festivals, folk concerts and the activities of agrotourism farms, which combine the tradition of the farming profession with environmental protection and promotion of the Kashubian region.

7

Natural fertilization in the structure of fertilization in sustainable agriculture - on the example of Poland

45%

Rudnicki R. , Kluba M. , Jezierska-Thöle A. , Szyda B. , Wiśniewski Ł.

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2020

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tom T. 24, cz. 1

117--126

EN

The aim of this paper was to describe the state (as of 2010), structure by type (natural and mineral fertilisation, taking into account doses of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus) and spatial diversification of fertilisation in the Polish agriculture (16 voivodships and 314 poviats). The studies of these issues concentrated on examining the impact of the external features of agriculture – natural and man-made ones. What has been demonstrated is the presence of a strong spatial diversification of fertilising procedures, mostly due to the impact of man-made conditions: historical and urban. It has transpired that the territorial patterns of fertilisation are bi-polar in nature: on the one hand, there are areas dominated by natural fertilisation (mostly north-eastern Poland); on the other hand, there are places where mineral fertilisation is prevalent (mostly northern and western Poland). Taking into consideration the planned Agricultural Census (2020) as well as the importance of pro-enviormental actions within The Common Agriculture Policy, the used metod of the comprehensive analysis of the feritilization for 2010 year constitutes a good starting point to the evaluation of the occurent changes.

PL

Celem pracy było rozpoznanie stanu (2010 r.), struktury rodzajowej (nawożenie naturalne i mineralne, z wydzieleniem dawek azotu, potasu i fosforu) i zróżnicowania przestrzennego nawożenia w polskim rolnictwie (16 województw i 314 jednostek powiatowych). Podjęto problem kształtowania się wymienionych cech pod wpływem zewnętrznych uwarunkowań rolnictwa – przyrodniczych i pozaprzyrodniczych. Przeprowadzone badania udowodniły silne zróżnicowanie przestrzenne nawożenia, określone przede wszystkim przez oddziaływanie czynnika historycznego i urbanizacyjnego. Wykazano, że układy terytorialne nawożenia mają charakter dwubiegunowy – od obszarów o przewadze nawożenia naturalnego (głównie Polska północno-wschodnia) do dominacji nawożenia mineralnego (głównie Polska północna i zachodnia). Biorąc pod uwagę planowany Powszechny Spis Rolny (2020) oraz rosnącą wagę działań prośrodowiskowych w ramach Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej, wypracowana metoda kompleksowej analizy nawożenia przeprowadzona dla roku 2010, stanowi dobry punkt wyjścia do oceny zachodzących przemian.