Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Modelowanie procesu negocjacji w pośredniczących firmach handlowych

100%

Gromova V. , Wilimowska Z.

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych

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2011

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tom 12

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nr 2

158-167

PL

Cena, tworząc ścisłe relacje między różnymi przedsiębiorstwami i ich jednostkami odgrywa ważną rolę. W artykule rozważają się sytuacje negocjacyjne w pośredniczących przedsiębiorstwach sektora MSP, gdzie zarządzanie ceną jest realizowane przy pomocy zaproponowanego modelu procesu negocjacji przedstawionego w formie drzewa decyzyjnego. Jego głównymi elementami są: cena podstawowa, węzły - ceny produktu (zbioru produktów), uwzględniające opusty (rabaty, bonusy, prolongaty). Proces wyboru odpowiedniej ścieżki w drzewie decyzyjnym uwzględnia losowy charakter występowania sytuacji negocjacyjnych.

EN

Price, as a factor forming close connection with the different business units or companies of the related branches, plays an essential role. In the article attention is paid to the negotiation processes in the commercial intermediary companies, where price decision-making process is introduced in the form of decision tree. It’s basic elements are: basic price, nodes – prices of product or set of products, which consider given discounts, bonuses or adjournment. Process of choosing the appropriate path in a decision tree takes consider stochastic character onset of the defined negotiation situations.

2

Is Management a Science or an Art? From Theory to Practice of Management

100%

Grudzewski W. M. , Wilimowska Z.

International Journal of Synergy and Research

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2017

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tom 6

EN

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to discuss and show that management is a science, not just an art. Decision-making in the enterprise requires talent and special skills supported by the right qualifications. According to Tatarkiewicz, management can be considered as an art, which can be interpreted as follows: “(...) man’s conscious creation is a work of art always when it recreates reality, shapes forms, or expresses experience, yet it is able either to delight, or touch, or shock” (Tatarkiewicz, 1972). On the other hand, the company management is understood as a continuous process of making decisions based on reliable knowledge, observations and experiences – it is, therefore, a science, and modern managers are not just passive consumers of research knowledge, but also its creators. Contemporary theories focus attention on constructing appropriate models, which support the decisions of managers allowing them to somehow “spy” and observe the effects of their decisions. The aim of the paper is to show that in the modern economy, design models to support the management of the enterprise is the science that uses the achievements of other sciences, creative adaptation of these achievements in modeling phenomena occurring in the world economy. The aim of this article is to show that management sciences are increasingly exploiting modern knowledge to build models for developing practical concepts of management systems.Design/Methodology/Approach – The authors present the review of mathematical models, computer models (used in situations where the analytical models cannot find the best solution), and in particular artificial intelligence algorithms and selected models of dynamic system for managing the organization and some examples of applications.Findings – The results obtained show that in the management sciences, many models are used to support managerial decisions. Of course, the achievements of other sciences are very often used, management is of an application, but also of scientific nature, because, in order to skillfully use knowledge from other fields, decision-making models should be developed to solve problems in management and allow to use the achievements of these other areas.Research limitations/implications – The limitations of this paper result from the fact that only selected models are presented in the article. The authors hope that these selected models will be the argument that management science is becoming more and more science and not an art only.Originality/Value – This paper presents the review of modern methods used in management sciences to show that modern management is more a science than an art.

3

Sytuacja finansowa polskich spółek a modele kształtowania struktury kapitałowej

80%

Lewiński vel Iwański S. , Tomczak S. , Wilimowska Z.

Studia Ekonomiczne

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2013

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tom 154

61-71

EN

Running a business is not possible without suitable resources of financing. Determination of rational financial structure is a necessary condition for efficient operation of a company. Financial resources as well as their configuration may lead either to development or to bankruptcy of a company. Thus, the decision about financial structure is a matter of fundamental importance to subsequent operation of organization. Moreover, this decision is made by the management during continuous company's activity. Unfortunately, both the description of the very process of reaching the decision and its validation seem to be really hard to formalize and to operationalize. Despite the fact that there have been carried out analyses, the issue of managing the financial structure remains to be resolved. Above all, the difficulties reside in the process of devising a suitable and universal model which would be widely accepted, particularly in the context of Polish capital market. This paper brings up modern models for constructing the capital structure as well as models for analyzing the efficiency of managing such a structure. Polish capital market issue, given in question is also illustrated in the context of administering financial structure in the Polish companies (including the ones which went out of business on stock.