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Mix cropping of legume (Vigna Radiata) and non-legume (Zea Mays) crops alleviates water stress as revealed by growth and biochemical parameters

100%

Khan K. U. , Murad W. , Azizullah A. , Rahman H. , Khan M. D.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2017

tom 39

nr 01

Physiological, biochemical, and genotoxic effects of wastewater on maize seedlings

72%

Daud M. K. , Hassan S. , Azizullah A. , Jamil M. , Rehan N. , Irum R. , Qaiser M. K. , Zhu S.-J.

nr 2

Wastewater not only provides nutrients to the plant community but may cause abiotic stress conditions due to the presence of toxic substances. The present study was designed to explore wastewater-induced changes in maize seedlings using four different concentrations (0, 10, 50, and 100%) collected from three different sources, i.e., municipal wastewater (designated as MW), woolen mill wastewater (designated as WW) and polyvinylchloride wastewater (designated as PW) of the city of Bannu situated in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. All physiological parameters such as germination, biomass, and length of maize seedlings gradually slowed down with the increase in wastewater concentration. Similarly, the photosynthetic pigments decreased, while an increase was calculated in Na+ and Ca++ and K+ ions in our present experiment. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents as well as antioxidative enzymes such superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) upregulated in all treated samples, while total soluble proteins increased. Various wastewater sources also caused genotoxic effects as revealed by the appearance and disappearance of various bands at DNA and protein levels. The present study reveals that different sources of wastewater caused differential stresses in maize seedlings, which might be due to the presence of different stressful agents in them.

Effect of bisphenol A-induced oxidative stress on the ultra structure and antioxidant defence system of Arabidopsis thialiana leaves

58%

Ali I. , Wakeel A. , Upreti S. , Liu D. , Azizullah A. , Jan M. , Ullah W. , Liu B. , Ali A. , Daud M. K. , Gan Y.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2018

tom 27

nr 3

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an emerging environmental pollutant with potentially toxic effects on living organisms. The present study was undertaken to analyze the effects of BPA on the leaves of Arabidopsis thialina by determining the levels of photosynthetic pigments, reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane lipid peroxidation, and ultrastructural malformation. The obtained results revealed that while a low dose of BPA (10μM) did not alter the test indices significantly, it did cause significant changes in all test indices at higher concentrations. Upon exposure to 40 μM BPA, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content showed a decrease of 33% and 30%, respectively. It significantly increased ROS contents and lipid peroxidation at 40 μM BPA exposure. Biochemical and gene expression analysis revealed that the antioxidant system was activated and mounted a defense against BPA-induced ROS. In the case of superoxide dismutase (SOD), 40 μM of BPA caused an increase of 151%. However, the malfunctioning of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) at the highest dose of BPA (40 μM) resulted in incomplete activation of the antioxidant defensive system. BPA stress significantly altered the ultrastructure of cells as evidenced by the reduced number of starch grains, damaged chloroplast and mitochondria, and altered leaf epidermal surface, guard cells, and stomata. It is concluded that observed adverse effects in Arabidopsis leaves in response to BPA exposure could be attributed to BPA-induced oxidative stress.

Pesticide-induced physiological, metabolic and ultramorphological alterations in leaves of young maize seedlings

58%

Lei M. , Raza I. , Deeba F. , Jamil M. , Naeem R. , Azizullah A. , Khattak B. , Shah A. , Ali I. , Jin Z. S. , Khan M. D.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2020

tom 29

nr 3