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2018
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tom 78
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nr 4
EN
Oxaliplatin is a third‑generation, platinum‑based antitumor drug used to treat colorectal cancer. Since its main adverse effect is neuropathic pain resulting from chemotherapy‑induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), this drug is used to study the neurobiology of CIPN in rodents and to search for analgesics that could attenuate neuropathic pain symptoms – cold and tactile allodynia that develop in most of the oxaliplatin‑treated subjects. In this research, testing across various temperatures, we assessed the cold reactivity threshold of albino Swiss mice treated with oxaliplatin. We also investigated if amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant drug and a sodium channel inhibitor, could attenuate cold allodynia caused by this chemotherapeutic drug. Cold allodynia was induced using a single intraperitoneal dose of oxaliplatin. In the cold plate test while testing various temperatures the pain sensitivity threshold was assessed at different time-points after oxaliplatin (late‑phase allodynia). Antiallodynic activity of intraperitoneal amitriptyline was assessed for doses of 1, 2.5 and 10 mg/kg. A statistically significant decrease in latency time to pain reaction was detected for all temperatures applied, but the earliest response (i.e., 2 h post‑injection) was noted at 2.5°C. In all experimental groups early‑phase cold allodynia was fully developed 3 h after oxaliplatin injection and it was maintained until the end of the observation period (7 days). Early‑phase cold allodynia induced by oxaliplatin can be effectively attenuated by amitriptyline.
EN
Local anesthetics (LAs) are drugs that inhibit membrane depolarization by reducing sodium conductance. In addition to the most prominent and well-defined function of LAs described above, numerous studies have shown that LAs possess many other properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-arrhythmic or analgesic activities. Furthermore, LAs are structurally similar to histamine H-receptor antagonists. Thus, LAs can be considered antihistaminic drugs. The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the antihistaminic effects of lidocaine derivatives - JCB-1, JCB-2 and JCB-3 - on the isolated guinea pig ileum. Only JCB-1 and JCB-2 at the highest concentration (10 4M) showed the antihistaminic effect. The studied compounds showed a dose-dependent effect. Interestingly, lower concentrations of the studied compounds (10 8M and 10"I0M) caused the opposite effect - increased the contraction of the ileum induced by histamine. These effects necessitate further studies. Nevertheless, this is the first time that JCB compounds have been demonstrated to possess antihistaminic properties.
EN
Our recent studies indicate that some derivatives of gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) possess analgesic properties in rodent models of pain and inflammation. Despite this pronounced biological activity, the mechanism of action of these GBL still remains unclear. Searching for the plausible mechanism of their action we investigated whether they were (similarly to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatoiy drugs) capable of influencing the PGE2 level in mice subjected experimentally to zymosan-induced peritonitis. The PGE2 level was evaluated in vitro by means of the ELISA assay. We also investigated the influence of orally administered GBL on the rat gastric mucosa in post mortem studies. We have demonstrated that neither of the GBL derivatives influences the PGE2 level in zymosan-induced inflammation of the peritoneal cavity in mice. The investigated compounds are also devoid of adverse effects within the stomach, typical of cyclooxygenase inhibitors, which also indirectly suggests that their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities result from mechanisms other than cyclooxygenase inhibition.
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