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EN
Application of the method of analysis of main components aiming at recognition of phenotypic and genotypie divergence of several spring wheat varieties is presented in the paper. The analysis of main components was performed on three -year means for varieties and their GCA effects. Six traits / GCA effects/ or seven traits /phenotypic means/ concerning the grain yield per plant and components of the former were taken into consideration. Three first main components obtained for phenotypic means explain 86% of general variance of traits. In case of GCA effects two first main components explain over 87% of the general variance. The first main components for varietal means and GCA effects of the varieties tested discriminate them mainly in accordance with the two interrelated traits: number of stalks and number of ears per plant* The second main components determine discrimination in relation to the ear length. The Mephisto variety /FRG/ shows the greatest phenotypic and genotypie distance in relation to the remaining varieties. On the whole, a conformability between the results for varietal means and GCA effects has been found. In the light of the investigations as presented above the method of main components can be regarded as useful for investigations of divergence between genotypes.
RU
В статье рассматривается метод анализа основных компонентов для исследования фенотипных и генотипных различий нескольких сортов яровой пшеницы. Анализ основных компонентов охватывал средние трех лет для сортов и их эффектов общей комбинационной способности. Учитывали шесть /аффекты общей комбинационной способности/ или семь признаков /средние фенотипные/ касающихся урохая зерна с растения и его компонентов. Три первых основных компонента полученные на средних сортовых разгягаяат 86% общей изменчивости признаков. В случае эффектов общей комбинационной способности два первых компонента разъясняет свыше 87% общей изменчивости. Первые основные составные для средних сортовых и эффектов общей комбинационной способности испытуемых сортов дискриминируют их в первую очередь по двум взвимозависящим признакам: числу стеблей и числу колосьев на растении. Вторые основные компоненты определяют дискриминацию по отношению к длине колоса. Сорт Мефисто /ФРГ/ показывает наивысшее фено- и генотипное расстояние по отношению к остальным сортам. В общем установлено согласие результатов полученных для средних сортовых и эффектов общей комбинационной способности. В свете указанных исоледований метод общих компонентов может быть пригодным для исследования различий между генотипами.
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2004
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tom 51
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nr 2
29-43
EN
Most common approach to interpretation of genotype-environment interaction (GxE interaction) for breeding and variety recommendation purposes is stability and adaptation analysis of genotypes in a target region of cultivation. The aim of this paper was to review very rich both scientific and practical achievements in statistical methodology of stability and adaptation analysis of genotypes. The methods used could be divided into three groups: univariate parametric methods, univariate nonparametric methods and multivariate methods. Most of the methods are based on both fixed and mixed linear and multiplicative models. Stability measures defined in many models are useful to evaluating similarity of a genotype trait response to environmental conditions in a target region to a norm (concept) of dynamic (agronomic) stability which has been introduced by Becker and Leon (1988). Joint regression models belong to those most of ten used in considered studies. Recently, multivariate models and methods have become a standard statistical tool in interpreting GxE interaction for various purposes. They are extensions of the conventional joint regression models, both fixed and mixed ones. Among them, AMMI models and related methods have been most effective and, then of ten used in field experimentation. The AMMI models incorporate both additive and different kinds of multiplicative components. Some parametric and nonparametric criteria, incorporating both yield-means and yield-stability measures can be effective to selecting such genotypes which productivity in a target region indicates their wide adaptation.
EN
The analysis of genetics structure of n parent lines presented in this paper, is based on the Hayman-Jinks' and Mather's model, in which it was assumed that there was no episthasis. The analysis alows to determine the effects of additivity and dominance and provides the information about the distribution of genes in parental forms. The final section is an example for 6 lines of winter wheat.
RU
В статье представлен аналитический анализ н родительских линий базирующий на ыодели Геймана-Джинкса и Матера, в котором принято отсутствие эпистаза. Этот анализ позволяет о- пределить аддитивные эффекты и доминантность и информирует о расположении генов в родительских формах. В последней части дается пример для шести линий озимой пшеницы.
18
Content available Metody statystyczne analizy skladowych plonu
63%
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nr 1
33-45
EN
Paper reviewed the methods of yield component analysis. Mostly the methods taking into account a form of relationship between yield and ifs components were considered; the elaboration presented interpretation possibilities of the methods and their statistical appropriateness (without considering complex mathematical formulas). Some of presented methods are just of historical significance, while the others being quite new and not well known. Moreover, sequential and non-sequential cases of the components development were treated independently. Besides the discussion on the methods, some recommendations regarding the choice of appropriate method to yield component analysis were given. Finally it was concluded that there are no methods hoth convenient in interpretation and appropriate from the statistical point of view.
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