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Mycorrhizal inoculation alleviates water deficit impact on field-grown processing tomato

100%

Bakr J. , Pek Z. , Helyes L. , Posta K.

tom 27

nr 5

In a field experiment, processing tomato plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) and non-inoculated (Control) were supplied with three levels of watering. The AM inoculation significantly increased tomato root colonization regardless of the water supply levels. Under water deficit conditions, AM inoculation significantly increased the biomass production (from 1,189 to 2,062 g plant⁻¹). AM inoculation increased the phosphorus uptake in water deficit supply (from 0.5 to 1.3 g plant⁻¹) and in optimum water supply (from 0.3 to 0.6 g plant⁻¹). Photosynthesis was not affected by irrigation, but mycorrhizal inoculation enhanced the efficiency of photosystem II at all water levels. Inoculated plants accumulated less proline, potassium, and magnesium in shoots in response to water stress. Less organic and inorganic solutes in shoots of inoculated plants were accompanied by higher water use efficiency, better stomatal conductance, and higher leaf water potential. In conclusion, AM inoculation enabled host plants to alleviate moderate water stress, modulating the physiological status of the plants for better water exploitation.

Collembola [Insecta] disperse the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil: pot experiment

100%

Seres A. , Bakonyi G. , Posta K.

nr 2

Collembola often play an important controlling role in the interrelationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and host plants. However, there are little data to prove AMF dispersing ability of Collembola. In our experiment Folsomia candida (Willem) did not consume the spores of Glomus mossea (Nicol. and Gerd.) and G. intraradices (Schenck and Smith), but Sinella coeca (Schött) consumed 45% of the G. mossea spores and 71% of G. intraradices spores. Both species were able to disperse mycorrhiza in the soil, but the efficiency of dispersal was different. F. candida carried the infection more effectively than S. coeca, in spite of the fact that F. candida did not consume the spores in the food choice experiment. The total plant biomass was 23% higher in the presence of F. candida and 8.5% higher in the presence of S. coeca than in the control treatment without Collembola. The water content of the plants was also a little higher in the presence of both Collembola species (about 10%) than that of the control plants, but this difference was not statistically significant. Collembola improved the dispersion of the AM fungi, therefore enhanced the nutrient and water uptake of the plant.