Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Spór wokół hidżabu w Nigerii

100%

Siwierska E.

Nurt SVD

|

2016

|

nr 1

111-129

PL

Wprowadzenie szariatu jako oficjalnego prawa muzułmanów w większości stanów północnej Nigerii zapoczątkowało proces rewitalizacji islamu. Jeden z jego widocznych przejawów stanowi zaadaptowanie hidżabu. Większość wyznawców islamu jest zgodnych co do tego, że noszenie tego stroju oznacza skromność i posłuszeństwo Bogu. Hidżab utożsamia się z wolnością i bezpieczeństwem, wiarą oraz niekwestionowanym obowiązkiem. Jest on ponadto wyrazem krytyki wpływów zachodnich. Natomiast z punktu widzenia niemuzułmanów hidżab symbolizuje zniewolenie i łamanie praw kobiet. Jego przeciwnicy uważają go za narzędzie, przy pomocy którego mężczyźni kontrolują kobiety. Pojawienie się hidżabu wywołało poważne dyskusje zarówno w kręgach uczonych, jak i wśród zwykłych mieszkańców Nigerii. Zakaz jego noszenia w instytucjach publicznych powoduje liczne kontrowersje. Brak akceptacji hidżabu muzułmanie uważają za oczywiste łamanie ich konstytucyjnego prawa do wolności religii oraz kontynuację długotrwałej wrogości Zachodu wobec islamu.

EN

Islamic revivalism is very strong in the northern part of Nigeria, where most of the states have formally declared Islamic law as their legal code. One of the outward expressions of this revivalism is the adoption of the hijab for Muslim females. Majority of Muslims agree that wearing hijab is a matter of faith and undisputable obligation, as it demonstrates modesty and obedience to God. Hijab guarantees freedom and safety of the Muslim women. It also connotes the rejection of Western influence. From the non-Islamic perspective, however, hijab is seen as the symbol of oppression and violation of women's rights; a tool in the hands of men to control them. The introduction of hijab has generated heated debates among scholars and people in Nigeria. Ban on wearing it in public institutions has stirred much controversy. Many Muslims see it as an outright violation of their constitutional right to freedom of religion and yet another manifestation of the long-standing hostility of the West towards Islam.

2

O symbolicznych wizerunkach psa i hieny w kulturze Hausa

100%

Siwierska E.

Afryka

|

2019

|

nr 49

33-60

EN

Animals, their appearance, characteristics and behaviour play an important role in the shaping of human thinking and perception of the world. The attitude of people towards animals found its reflection in language, which constitutes a crucial component of culture and a key to understanding the philosophy of life. This article is meant to present symbolic meanings of the dog (kare) and the hyena (kura) in Hausa aphorisms and proverbs. These wise sayings serve as a medium for the metaphorical expression of their knowledge, attitudes and values.

3

Islam i magia w kulturze Hausa

100%

Siwierska E.

Afryka

|

2016

|

nr 44

85-108

EN

The aim of this paper is to examine religious and magical customs widely spread in Northern Nigeria. The most popular is the practice of sha rubutu (literally, the drinking of the written) which is also found in other Islamic countries. It can be regarded as an essential part of the magical corpus of Islam. Both sha rubutu and other magical occupations like the production of charms or protective medicine are based on the belief that some verses and chapters of the Koran are especially powerful and can cure illness, as well as heal injuries.

4

Recenzja książki: Magdalena Brzezińska, Kontrakt z duchami. Czary i religia w Gwinei Bissau, Sopockie Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Sopot 2014, ss. 215.

100%

Siwierska E.

Afryka

|

2015

|

nr 42

151-158

5

Między ‘ortodoksją’ a ‘herezją’: islam w północnej Nigerii

100%

Siwierska E.

Afryka

|

2016

|

nr 43

73-92

EN

The development of the Muslim society in Northern Nigeria is often seen as a constant struggle of “scripturalist” Islam against allegedly “non-Islamic” influences. A person’s claim to Islam can be challenged on various levels. The most serious is takfir, a declaration that the supposed Muslim is guilty of kufr or unbelief. Another form of condemnation is tabdi´, the accusation of bid’a or “reprehensible innovation”. The third form of condemnation, weaker than either takfir or tabdi´, is accusation of fisq, that is immorality or sin in matters of belief. The question “who is a Muslim” has been a central point of conflict in Nigeria for centuries. In this article, I have shown that the tension between orthodox theology and popular religion will not be easily resolved.

6

Abubakara Gumiego koncepcja reformy islamu w Nigerii

100%

Siwierska E.

Afryka

|

2014

|

nr 40

43-70

EN

Abubakar Gumi (1922–1992) was one of the central personalities for the development of Islam in Northern Nigeria who devoted himself to work on the reform of the religion (tajdid). He was also very active in the issue of the political unity of Muslims. Gumi’s major religious goal was to eradicate all innovations (bid’a) and to purify the faith. The Sufi brotherhoods were in his eyes not only the agents of the bi’a, but also movements which blocked the unification of Muslims. On the basis of his anti-Sufi ideas, Abubakar Gumi was connected with other thinkers of the Islamic world, especially Sayyid Qutb, the most influential thinker of the Egyptian Muslim Brothers. Gumi’s concept of the reform was also deeply influenced by the Wahhabi ideology. The article is an attempt to present Gumi’s condemnation of the bid’a as it is reflected in his programmatic treatise Al-Aqida as-sahiha bi-muwafaqat al-shari’a (The Right Faith according to the prescriptions of the Shari’a). Some attention is also paid to Gumi’s educational efforts and his role as the leader of the most recent movement of tajdid among Muslims in Northern Nigeria.

7

Hausańczycy wobec muzułmańskiej koncepcji przeznaczenia

100%

Siwierska E.

Afryka

|

2017

|

nr 46

73-94

EN

Islam teaches the role of destiny (qadar) in human life and reaffirms the belief that what is destined to be yours will come. This paper investigates to what extent the Islamic concept of fate and free will has shaped the mindset of the Hausa people (Northern Nigeria). It has been based on the analysis of Hausa sayings, proverbs and poetry which serve as an avenue for transmitting knowledge, attitudes and moral values and constitute an important aspect of the Hausa culture.

8

System bezpieczeństwa społecznego w Kalifacie Sokoto

100%

Siwierska E.

Forum Politologiczne

|

2014

|

tom 16 - Konteksty bezpieczeństwa w Afryce. Problemy globalne, sektorowe, regionalne, lokalne

347-374

EN

The Sokoto Caliphate was the largest and most territorially extensive state in Africa. It was founded by Usman dan Fodio and his companions through Jihad in the early of 1800s. Islam was the basis of governance of the Caliphate. Ethical values, social justice and welfare were the principles of its creation. These principles were stated in the writings of the Jihad leaders. Most scholars agree that its establishment led to rapid economic and commercial development and the society had a high standard of security. Islam as understood by Usman dan Fodio has ever remained a message for the oppressed against the oppressor. The political and social philosophy of the Caliphate was based on Shari’a. However, abandonment of the original ideals by the successors of the founders, corruption and injustices provided the factors of collapse of the Caliphate. This paper seeks to examine the principles of the social security system in the Sokoto Caliphate as reflected in the writings of Usman dan Fodio, his brother Abdullahi and his son Muhammadu Bello.