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Assessment of the Ambient Gaseous Pollutants in the Crowded Traffic Crossroad in Baghdad City

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Al-Sultan A. A. , Al-Kindi G. Y. , Kadhim R. J. , Al-Mhanawi A. A. J.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

tom Vol. 23, iss. 5

224--233

Exposure to ambient gaseous components is a significant issue for people’s health. This study aims to check the modification effect of seasonal temperature variation on the association of ambient air pollutants in the selected traffic crossroads in Baghdad city. The study continued for around 180 calendar days from the winter of 2020 to the summer of 2021; during this period, seven major gaseous parameters, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sulfur di-oxide (SO2), and ground ozone (O3), were tested via using the devices of GIG6 and GIG2. The results showed that the high temperature significantly affected the dispersion of air pollutants, whereas the increase in air temperature from 10 °C to 48 °C led to an increase in the concentration of H2S about ten times, and an increase in emission of CO around three times, while there are varying increases for the rest of the other air pollutants.

Effect of the Pharmaceutical Residues on Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Silty-Clay Soil

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Kadhim R. J. , Al Kindi G. Y. , Al-Sultan A. A. , Al-Emami O. H.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

tom Vol. 24, iss. 3

212--220

The contamination caused by pharmaceuticals is recognized as one of the most severe forms of environmental pollution. Many medicines and medical waste are dumped on the land, especially near hospitals, medical clinics, stores, and others, thus the aim of the study. The physical and mechanical of soil properties and tetracycline in leachate were studied. The sample extractor device (Shelby tube) was used to take undisturbed samples with a number of (6) tetracycline solutions added monthly to the soil samples, for a period of 6 months. The obtained results showed that silty clay is a type of this soil, the unconfined compression strength decreases with months to 6 months, while the effect on Atterberg’s limits (liquid and shrinkage limit) showed the soil became softer, lowering the value of the liquid limit. The tetracycline test in leachate water decreased with time, due to the soil adsorbed tetracycline. First-order is suitable for the kinetic model. Finally, the tetracycline drug effect on the physical and mechanical properties of soil was studied.

Optimization of Graphene Oxide Mixed Matrix Membrane for AB-210 Dye Removal

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Al-Sultan A. A. , Kadhim R. J. , Al-Emami O. H. , Alsalhy Q. F. , Majdi H. S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

tom Vol. 23, nr 9

115--127

This research aimed to find the best-operating conditions for incorporating the GO material into PES/GO membranes for the NF applications. Organic dye molecules may foul GO-NP/PES membranes. The improved model aimed to reduce the energy lost while maintaining a high system discharge throughout the treatment process in order to face the technical problems that the membranes are exposed to. To create a particular amount of flux above the intended values, an optimization approach was used to find the optimal values for several important parameters in the process. To enhance the process effectiveness on a broader scale, mathematical and statistical studies, such as response surface methodology and statistical analysis of the parameters (ANOVA), were applied. The impact of operational factors, like the pH values of the dye feeding (3–11), GO weight content (0–2 wt.%), dye concentration (10–100 ppm) of AB-210, and the interfaces for these factors with the PES/GO membrane permeability was examined. The PES membrane had the best performance, with a result of 131.2338 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1. The pH did not influence the AB-210 dye reaction, and the Pareto chart of the standardized effects on dye permeation flux using statistical comparison at the 5% significance level supports these findings.