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tom 29(1)
39-60
EN
Purpose: This study aims to empirically present the process of personal branding of CEOs. Building on the theoretical model proposed by Wojtaszczyk and Maszewski (2014), the study illustrates how CEOs build their personal brands. Methodology: The study is based on twelve semi-structured interviews with the CEOs of Poland’s strongest brands. Results were coded and analyzed with the use of MAXQDA software. Results: The research allowed us to understand the process of creating a personal brand by CEOs. Moreover, interviews revealed that the personal brand reflects the true self of CEOs. However, it is also adjusted to the target audience; consequently, CEOs show diverse identities to the outside world. Implications: Through the empirical investigation of the branding process, the findings fill a certain research gap. Insights gained in the process may prove useful for practitioners. Originality/value: The article explores the subject of the personal brand, which continues to be the focus of many researchers, particularly in the CEE region. This research gave voice to CEOs, who explained how they build their personal brand and shared detailed information whose scope greatly exceeds what they present in the media.
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tom 155
300-313
EN
Having a place to live is one of the most important human needs. Nowadays, we are observing changes in family model and housing standard, which determine the size of households' expenditure on living conditions. More and more often people spend most of their incomes on maintaining their dwellings. The aim of the article is to present how the housing standard was changing in Poland over the years and how it influenced the volume of households' housing expenditure depending on job career and household size in Poland. Furthermore, the author presents a comparison of housing costs in Poland and other countries.
3
100%
EN
The last two years of the pandemic contributed to the increase in energy poverty in the European Union. Energy poverty is becoming more and more common, for many reasons, such as rising fuel prices, hard coal, CO2 emission fees. Energy poverty is understood as a situation where heating costs exceed 10% of income. Energy poverty is defined by the EPEE as “the lack of resources to keep heating at an adequate level at a fair price”. The article will present statistical data on energy poverty based on various indicators in 2018-2020 in EU countries. In addition, the current climate and energy policy in the EU and its assumptions as well as its impact on energy poverty are described. In addition, programs in EU countries that have significantly contributed to improving the situation of energy poverty will be indicated.
PL
Ostatnie dwa lata pandemii przyczyniły się do zwiększenia się ubóstwa energetycznego w państwach Unii Europejskiej. Ubóstwo energetyczne jest coraz powszechniejsze, z wielu powodów, takich jak rosnące ceny paliw, węgla kamiennego, opłat emisji CO2. Ubóstwo energetyczne rozumiane jest jako sytuacja, w której koszty ogrzewania przekraczają 10% dochodów. Ubóstwo energetyczne zostało zdefiniowane przez EPEE1 jako „brak środków na utrzymanie ogrzewania na odpowiednim poziomie za uczciwą cenę”. W artykule zostaną przedstawione dane statystyczne dotyczące ubóstwa energetycznego na podstawie różnych wskaźników w latach 2018–2020 w państwach UE. Ponadto opisano aktualną politykę klimatyczno-energetyczną w UE i jej założenia oraz jej wpływ na ubóstwo energetyczne. Dodatkowo wskazane zostaną programy w państwach UE, które istotnie wpłynęły na poprawę sytuacji ubóstwa energetycznego.
EN
Cataloguing the Internet resources is being compared to cataloguing library resources. Social tagging is one of the methods of systematizing the Internet contents. The researchers have been deliberating for several years whether this method is useful for libraries, how it’s usefulness can be increased, and how to eliminate it’s shortcomings, to make it an equal tool in library information-retrieval systems. The author presents systematic review of current research on this topic, and proposals of folksonomy transformation into controlled tagging systems. She also offers a thesis concerning a tendency of folksonomy development into facet thesaurus, comparing tags to uniterms’ system.
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tom 12
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nr 2
499-523
EN
Research background: Despite increased attention in the literature to the importance of the CEO's brand for companies, understanding of the effect of the CEO brand on the corporate brand remains limited. To contribute to this discussion, this paper investigates different facets of the impact of the CEO brand, and particularly its media coverage, on corporate brand equity. Purpose of the article: This study investigates the relationship between the different aspects of the CEO brand's media coverage and corporate brand equity. Methods: Comprehensive media monitoring in the press and online sourcing of CEOs from the strongest Polish brands were conducted. For three years (2014-2017), media monitoring covered 81 CEOs, resulting in over 44,000 data points for this study. Regression analysis was conducted to determine whether a relationship exists between different facets of the CEO?s personal brand and company brand equity. Findings & value added: This study provides a new perspective on the relationship between the CEO and corporate brands and showcases empirical evidence of the CEO brand's relationship with corporate brand equity. It introduces two relevant and novel variables (CEO brand reach and CEO brand advertising value equivalent [AVE]) to the literature, which have been limited to the number of mentions and its sentiment. Accordingly, this study contributes to the emerging literature of CEO branding within the branding field. Contrary to expectation, the intensity of media coverage alone was not significant. Results indicate that reach and AVE of CEO media exposure are reflected in the corporate brand equity. The study also finds that negative sentiment toward a CEO?s brand negatively affects corporate brand equity. The study adds to the growing stream of literature on the role of CEO brand.
EN
The real estate market is considered to be one of the least technologically advanced markets. Despite this, attempts are made to implement modern technologies referred to as Prop-Tech. The aim of this study is to assess customers’ expectations in the use of modern technologies in the process of buying and subsequent use of flats on the local primary residential real estate market. The study has been conducted in order to achieve the above-mentioned goal. A survey questionnaire was used as a research tool. The subjects were young people (up to 35 years of age) from the area of Poznań (non-random sample selection, sample size n=220). Based on the research, it can be concluded that there is a large group of customers that are aware of modern technologies and claim that they would be willing to pay more for the technologies they choose. Probably this number could be increased if the buyers were pointed to specific savings from investing in modern solutions. The adopted spatial scope (city of Poznań) results from the specificity of this research area. And although there are no substantive grounds for major generalisations, taking into account the size of the market in Poznań, it can be assumed that in other large Polish cities customer preferences are similar.
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tom 11
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nr 4
424-429
EN
Erysipelas is an acute, erythematous, rapidly spreading skin infection, usually caused by beta-haemolytic group A Streptococcus bacteria. The disease is usually located on the legs and toes, less frequently on the face. One of the predisposing factors for the development of erysipelas are coexisting infections. The aim of the work was to attempt to determine whether there was any connection between the atypical course of erysipelas and Helicobacter pylori infection in a 47-year-old female patient. The patient had a history of treatment for chronic otitis media with effusion and recurring abdominal pain. The current disease started abruptly with fever, erythematous skin lesion located on the right cheek and severe pain in the right ear. After a few days, the facial erythema got worse, oedema appeared on the right side of the face and redness, oedema and pain in the auricle could be observed. After examinations by an ENT specialist and a dermatologist, erysipelas of the face, auricle and external auditory meatus was diagnosed. The diagnosis was confirmed by bacteriological examination. As a result of antibiotic therapy skin lesions subsided and the patient’s general condition improved. As the dyspeptic symptoms exacerbated, a diagnostic test was performed and a coexisting Helicobacter pylori infection was diagnosed. The overall clinical picture and data obtained from medical literature suggest that the coexisting Helicobacter pylori infection could have contributed to both the chronic otitis media with effusion and atypical course of erysipelas. According to medical literature, in the case of patients with dyspeptic symptoms, Helicobacter pylori bacteria can be transferred from the lining of the stomach upwards to the oral cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses. Kariya et al. in their review of original work suggested that Helicobacter pylori may contribute to the exacerbation of an existing inflammation in the middle ear, which is a microaerophilic environment required for this bacteria to grow. In conclusion, it seems that constant stimulation of the immune system by Helicobacter pylori could have caused the system to become dysregulated and weakened, which probably accounted for the atypical course of erysipelas in the patient described.
PL
Róża jest ostrą rumieniową, gwałtownie szerzącą się infekcją skóry, najczęściej powodowaną przez paciorkowce beta-hemolizujące grupy A. Choroba lokalizuje się zazwyczaj na kończynach dolnych, rzadziej na twarzy. Jednym z czynników predysponujących do rozwoju róży są współistniejące zakażenia. Celem pracy była próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy istnieje związek pomiędzy nietypowym przebiegiem róży a zakażeniem Helicobacter pylori u 47-letniej pacjentki. W wywiadzie chora była leczona z powodu przewlekłego wysiękowego zapalenia ucha środkowego oraz nawracających bólów brzucha. Obecna choroba rozpoczęła się nagle gorączką, zmianą rumieniową zlokalizowaną na skórze prawego policzka i silnym bólem ucha prawego. Po kilku dniach nasilił się rumień twarzy, a także pojawiły się obrzęk prawostronny twarzy oraz zaczerwienienie, obrzęk i bolesność małżowiny usznej. Po konsultacji laryngologicznej i dermatologicznej rozpoznano różę twarzy, małżowiny usznej oraz przewodu słuchowego zewnętrznego. Rozpoznanie potwierdzono badaniem bakteriologicznym. W wyniku zastosowanej antybiotykoterapii uzyskano ustąpienie zmian skórnych i poprawę stanu ogólnego. Ze względu na nasilenie objawów dyspeptycznych po wykonaniu testu diagnostycznego rozpoznano współistniejące zakażenie Helicobacter pylori. Całokształt obrazu klinicznego oraz dane z piśmiennictwa sugerują, że współwystępująca infekcja Helicobacter pylori mogła sprzyjać zarówno przewlekłemu wysiękowemu zapaleniu ucha środkowego, jak i nietypowemu przebiegowi róży. Według doniesień z piśmiennictwa u pacjentów z objawami dyspeptycznymi bakterie Helicobacter pylori mogą zostać przeniesione z błony śluzowej żołądka drogą wstępującą do jamy ustnej, a także ucha środkowego i zatok przynosowych. Kariya i wsp., dokonując przeglądu prac oryginalnych, stwierdzili, że Helicobacter pylori może przyczyniać się do nasilenia istniejącego procesu zapalnego w uchu środkowym, stanowiącym środowisko mikroaerofilne, niezbędne do wzrostu tej bakterii. Podsumowując, wydaje się, że ciągła stymulacja układu odpornościowego przez Helicobacter pylori mogła prowadzić do dysregulacji i osłabienia układu immunologicznego, co prawdopodobnie wpłynęło na nietypowy przebieg róży u opisywanej pacjentki.
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