We show that a family of tree languages W(i,k) , previously used by J. Bradfield, and by the first author to show the strictness of the Rabin-Mostowski index hierarchy of alternating tree automata, forms a hierarchy w.r.t. the Wadge reducibility. That is, [formula] if and only if the index [...] is above (i,k) . This is one of the few separation results known so far, concerning the topological complexity of non-deterministically recognizable tree languages, and one of the few results about finite-state recognizable non-Borel sets of trees.
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The AltaRica formalism is designed for describing complex systems consisting of a number of interacting components. Its semantics is expressed in terms of transition systems so that a system described in this language can be analysed by any technique or tool applicable to transition systems. The components of a system have two kinds of interactions -event synchronisation, like in the synchronized product of transition systems of Arnold and Nivat, -interface coordination: with each component are associated interfaces whose values depend on the state of the component as well as on the values of interfaces of other components of the system. Another feature of AltaRica is the possibility of defining hierarchical systems: some subsystems can be encapsulated and their mutual interactions as well as their interactions with the rest of the system are supervised by a controller.
The essential oils of aerial parts of Marrubium globosum Montbr. etAuch. ex Benth. ssp. libanoticum (Boiss) Davis and M. cuneatum Banks et Solander (Lamiaceae) growing wild in Lebanon were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analysed by GC and GC-MS. Altogether 64 compounds, representing 93.4% and 91.4% of the oils,were identified. The main components of both oils were beta-caryophyllene (12.4%-5.2%), hexadecanoic acid (7.4%-6.5%) and spathulenol (5.2%-6.5%). Bicyclogermacrene (5.2%) was present only in the oil of M. cuneatum characterized by high amount of germacrene D (15.6%). Oils showed a moderate antimicrobial activity.
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