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Introduction: Malignant mixed tumor (MMT) is an exceedingly rare cutaneous adnexal carcinoma with a significant risk for aggressive behavior and a propensity for metastasis. This tumor occurs in a wide age range and is twice as common in woman than in men. MMT shows a predilection for the trunk and the extremist’s foremost hands and feet. MMT may be confused clinically with many benign and malignant lesions. Therefore the histopathological and immunohistochemical examination is required for the correct diagnosis and treatment. Purpose: To present a case of MMT localized in the left toe with a special attention focused on its histopathology and differential diagnosis. Case presentation: A 56-year-old female was admitted with a nodular lesion on the left toe. A painless mass had been presented for one year with a significant increase in size within the past three month. The patient underwent wide surgical excision. Histopathologically for the lesion was diagnosed it as a malignant mixed tumor. Immunohistochemical examination revealed positive reaction for cytokeratin AE1/AE3/PCK26, vimentin and S-100. Histochemical reaction for PAS in the chondromyxoid tumor stroma was negative. Conclusion: Correct histopathological diagnosis and complete excision with wide disease-free margins before metastasis result in MMT free survival.
EN
Purpose: In Poland, cervical screening tests are performed in the group of women aged 25 to 59 years. The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Bethesda System in assessing cervical smears. Methods: Results of gynecological cytologies performed in the UPDC in the period of 01 August 2011 – 31 July 2012 were analyzed. Of the material, cases subjected to histopathological analysis in correlation with cytological outcome were chosen. Results: Of 19,887 patients who underwent cytology, 603 had atypical epithelial cells. In 83/603 cases, histopathological specimens were available for analysis. The level of cytological and histopathological compatibility was the highest in the HSIL group (75%), being the lowest in patients with LSIL (40%). It should be emphasized that in HSIL cases, histological specimens showed no evidence of normality. Conclusions: The level of cytological and histopathological compatibility was the highest in the HSIL group (75%). The compatibility was the lowest in the LSIL group (40%). It should be emphasized that in HSIL cases, histological specimens showed no evidence of normality.
EN
Purpose: The aim of study was to detect PRL-3 protein in sera of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: The study group consisted of 22 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 10 healthy controls. The serum concentration of PRL-3 protein was evaluated by the ELISA method. Results: In the study group with colorectal cancer, the level of PRL-3 protein in preoperative sera was negative (<0.115ng/ml) in 7 cases while the mean value of PRL-3 concentration was 0.616ng/ml (range 0.206-2.072ng/ml) in 15 patients. No statistically significant differences between the study group and healthy controls were observed. Our data showed that increase in level of PRL-3 protein in sera of patients with colorectal cancer is associated with greater tumor size (p<0.05). Conclusions: PRL-3 protein was found to be present in sera of patients with colorectal cancer. However, our study indicates lack of clinical usefulness of determining the levels of PRL-3 in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer.
EN
Apoptosis and proliferation are processes associated with the development and progression of breast cancer. The sensitivity of tumour cells to the induction of apoptosis depends on the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. The expression of Bak and Bcl-2 was examined using an immunohistochemical method in 71 primary breast cancers. Furthermore, Bcl-2 and Bak were assessed in the normal mammary gland as well as in benign mammary dysplasia adjacent to breast cancer. Positive immunostaining for Bcl-2 was observed in 77.8% of cases of normal breast epithelium (NBE), 93% of benign dysplasia without intraductal proliferation (BBD) as well as in 94% of intraductal proliferative lesions of the breast (BIPL). Expression of Bak was detected in 39% of cases of NBE, 45% of BBD and in 67% of BIPL. In breast cancer Bcl-2 and Bak expression was found in 83% and 70% of the cases studied, respectively. Increased Bcl-2 expression in primary tumours significantly correlated with favourable prognostic factors, namely pT1, G2 and lack of metastases to the regional lymph nodes (p < 0.01, p < 0.03, p < 0.02, respectively). There were no relationships between Bak and the clinicopathological features studied, but our results indicate changes in the expression of Bak during breast cancer development and progression. It would appear to be important to assess and compare pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins between normal mammary gland, benign mammary dysplasia and the primary tumours of breast cancer. This knowledge should be helpful in understanding breast cancer development and progression.
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