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Aktywna polityka państwa na rynku pracy w Polsce w latach 2000-2003

100%

Kwiatkowska W. , Uniwersytet Łódzki I. E.

tom 201

Active labour market policy has an important role to play in the conditions of high structural unemployment in Poland. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to evaluate the role of active labour market policy in Poland throughout the 2000-2003 period that gives consideration to its programmes, main instruments, its participants and its expenditures. In many cases, the point of departure for this evaluation will be experiences of the European Union in the respective field.

Zmiany międzygrupowych relacji cen dóbr konsumpcyjnych

100%

Kwiatkowska W. , Uniwersytet Łódzki K. E.

1992

tom 120

The article contains the findings of empirical studies conducted in the period 1986-1987 in the field of an evaluation of influence exerted by the reform in the retail prices system on changes in their relations in an intergroup approach and an evaluation of the role played by various price-formative factors, which could cause changes in these relations. The findings in question allowed to formulate the following conclusions: - In the period under survey, the prices of non-food items were growing relatively faster than prices of foodstuffs. That is an indicator of unfavourable relations of prices from the viewpoint of rationalization of consumption and its effectiveness-promoting impact. - The cost factor does not have any significant influence on changes in relations of pricess, and especially in the case of non-food items. - The financial effect (gross profit) is of decisive importance for occurring changes in relations of prices.

Wybrane problemy indeksacji dochodów

100%

Kwiatkowska W. , Uniwersytet Łódzki I. E.

1992

tom 121

The article deals with problems concerning the nature of incomes indexation and possible solutions as regards its form and degree. Incomes indexation is understood to mean a process of automatic and/or semiautomatic linking of nominal wages increase with increase of costs of living taking place in accordance with principles fixed earlier and encompassing all persons entitled to compensations regardless of the effects of their work.

The Service Sector in the Economy in Poland and European Union Countries

100%

Kwiatkowska W.

nr 3

191-207

The role of the service sector in the economy is increasing in the process of socio-economic development. This tendency has been confirmed and explained by the three-sector theory formulated by A.G.B. Fisher, C. Clark, and J. Fourastie. The main goal of the paper is to show development tendencies in service sectors in Poland and the EU countries and assess them in view of the three-sector theory. The share of the service sector in the total employment and in the total gross value added in the years 2005-2013/2014 will be analysed together with two sub-sectors including market and non-market services. The research shows that the share of the service sector in total employment and total gross value added has been recently increasing in Poland as well as in other EU countries, but there is a gap in this process between Poland and the most developed EU countries. Moreover, in Poland, the role of market services has been recently increasing much faster than the role of non-market services.