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4 Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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Ambient endotoxin level in an area with intensive livestock production

100%

Schulze A. , Van Strien R. , Ehrenstein V. , Schierl R. , Kuchenhoff H. , Radon K.

tom 13

nr 1

High levels of endotoxin are found inside and near to animal houses. However, there is a lack of data on environmental endotoxin in areas with intensive animal production facilities. We conducted a cross-sectional study of respiratory health in two villages of Lower Saxony with intensive livestock production. We assessed the level of endotoxin exposure in the backyards of 32 participants with two 24-hours measurements of inhalable fraction (one in winter and one in summer). The geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) of the levels of endotoxin varied between 2.0 (2.9) EU/m3 in winter and 2.9 (2.4) EU/m3 in summer. Potential predictors - season, sampling sites, and weather conditions - explained 24% of the variability in ambient endotoxin concentration in the study area. The results indicate that, compared with urban residents, exposure to endotoxin is greater among people living in rural areas with intensive animal production. This might affect their respiratory health. However, these exposures are characterized by a large spatial variability.

Case-based e-learning in occupational medicine - the NetWoRM project in Germany

84%

Radon K. , Kolb S. , Reichert J. , Baumeister T. , Fuchs R. , Hege I. , Praml G. , Fischer M. , Nowak D.

tom 13

nr 1

The aim of the NetWoRM Project is the development, evaluation and implementation of a case-based e-learning tool for occupational medicine to increase the knowledge in clinical aspects of occupational medicine. To date, 19 e-learning cases have been developed. Cases were validated by 2 experts and user evaluated. Results of the user evaluation at 3 German Medical Schools are presented. Of 557 medical students registered for the online course 377 answered the online evaluation form (68%). Depending on the case, the median time spent on a case ranged from 25–43 minutes. Students enjoyed working with the cases and asked to replace more seminars by case-based e-learning. The level of knowledge required to work on the cases was rated high. This was supported by the fact that on median only 47–71% of the questions were answered correctly. Cases focusing on occupational health problems such as needle stick injuries were rated highest with respect to fun, importance for future career and the overall score. Students enjoy working on e-learning cases as an add-on to traditional teaching. Because of the high international interest the NetWoRM project is currently shared on an international base.

Air contaminants in different European farming environments

84%

Radon K. , Danuser B. , Iversen M. , Monso E. , Weber C. , Hartung J. , Donham K. J. , Palmgren U. , Nowak D.

nr 1

Prevalence and risk factor for airway diseases in farmers - summary of results of the European farmers' project

67%

Radon K. , Monso E. , Weber C. , Danuser B. , Iversen M. , Opravil U. , Donham K. , Hartung J. , Pedersen S. , Garz S. , Blainey D. , Rabe U. , Nowak D.

tom 09

nr 2