Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Analiza poziomu i dynamiki płac na przykładzie Polski i Niemiec

100%

Nikulin D.

Studia Ekonomiczne

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2013

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tom 160

223-232

EN

The purpose of this article is to compare the factors affecting the level and growth of wages in Poland and Germany. The study is covering the period of 1997-2010 years. Based on macroeconomic data originating from statistical offices, may have been built econometric models of cause and effect. Main hypothesis states that the factors affecting the level and growth of wages in Poland and Germany are similar. In order to verify the hypothesis, in econometric models as exogenous variables an average price level, an average work output, an unemployment rate and seasonal elements were accepted. The dependent variable is the average level of nominal wages in Poland and Germany. As a result of models satisfactory results, partly proving the constructed hypothesis were received.

2

Working Conditions in the Context of Global Value Chains and Routinisation: An Example of Polish Workers

63%

Nikulin D. , Wolszczak-Derlacz J.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

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2023

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tom 315

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nr 3

1-12

PL

Tematem artykułu jest zbadanie powiązań między globalnymi procesami fragmentacji produkcji (GVC), rutynizacją pracy a dobrostanem pracowników w Polsce. W szczególności skupiono się na wybranych miernikach warunków pracy, takich jak otoczenie społeczne, intensywność pracy i jakość czasu pracy, w celu zbadania ich zależności od zaangażowania w handel międzynarodowy i rutynizacji. Połączone zostały indywidualne dane opisujące warunki pracy i dobrostan pracowników z danymi sektorowymi zawierającymi informacje o zaangażowaniu w globalne procesy produkcyjne. Wyniki wskazują na umiarkowany związek pomiędzy warunkami pracy a zaangażowaniem w GVC wśród polskich pracowników. W sektorach bardziej zależnych od GVC pracownicy otrzymują średnio niższe wynagrodzenie. Ponadto, związek między GVC a innymi aspektami warunków pracy jest statystycznie istotny, jednakże w ujęciu ekonomicznym ma wymiar marginalny. Podobnie rutynizacja pracy jest ujemnie skorelowana z wynagrodzeniami i warunkami pracy (z wyjątkiem wskaźnika intensywności pracy). Najważniejszą zaletą przeprowadzonego badania jest wielowymiarowe podejście do analizy warunków pracy, co znacznie poszerza dotychczasowy stan wiedzy.

EN

The paper aims to explore the linkages between global production fragmentation, routinisation and the well-being of workers in Poland. In particular, the focus is placed on the selected measures of working conditions, such as the social environment, work intensity, and working time quality to examine their dependence on involvement in international trade and the routinisation level. We merge individual data describing the working conditions and well-being of workers with sector-level data containing information on involvement in global production processes and occupational data on the job routinisation level. The findings reveal a moderate association between working conditions and global value chain (GVC) involvement among Polish workers. In more GVC-dependent sectors, workers receive lower remuneration on average. The relationship between GVC and other working conditions is significant, but the economic significance is marginal. Similarly, the routinisation of work is negatively correlated with wages and working conditions (except work intensity). The main contribution of this study is its multidimensional approach to analysing working conditions, which significantly expands existing evidence in the literature.

3

Effect of the integration into Global Value Chains on the employment contract in Central and Eastern European countries

63%

Nikulin D. , Szymczak S.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2020

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tom 15

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nr 2

275-294

EN

Research background: In the era of globalization, there is a need to address decent work deficits in Global Value Chains (GVCs). The forms of working conditions reveal a broad dispersion of contents. The literature review exposes hardly any Europe-focused research assessing the socio-economic impact of global production links and going beyond their pure economic effects assessed in terms of employment, productivity or wages. Purpose of the article: This paper investigates how involvement in GVCs affects labor standards. In particular, we assess how the integration into GVCs impacts the probability of having indefinite type of employment contract, which stands for one of the decent work indicator. Moreover, we draw individual and firm-level characteristics determining the type of employment contract. Methods: We use linked employer-employee data from the Structure of Earnings Survey merged with industry-level statistics on GVCs based on World Input-Output Database ? the sample is composed of over 5 million workers from 10 Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) observed in 2014. The involvement into GVCs is measured using a novel approach based on the concepts of global import intensity (GII). We employ logistic regression with robust standard errors. Findings & Value added: Controlling for individual and firm-level characteristics (sex, age, education level, length of service in enterprise, size of the enterprise) we find that greater integration into GVCs increases the probability of having temporary type of employment contact, mainly in tradable sectors. However, across CEE countries the relation between GVC and employment type is mixed. In this way we expand the existing literature by reporting the effects of GVCs on labor standards in CEEC.

4

GVC and wage dispersion. Firm-level evidence from employee?employer database

51%

Nikulin D. , Wolszczak-Derlacz J. , Parteka A.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2021

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tom 16

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nr 2

357-375

EN

Research background: Wage inequalities are still part of an interesting policy-oriented research area. Given the developments in international trade models (heterogeneity of firms) and increasing availability of micro-level data, more and more attention is paid to wage differences observed within and be-tween firms. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to address the research gap concerning limited cross-country evidence on a nexus of wage inequality?global value chains (GVCs), analysed from the perspective of wage inequality components within and between firms. Methods: This paper uses a large employee?employer database derived from the European Structure of Earnings Survey (SES), combined with sector-level indicators of GVC involvement based on the World Input-Output Database (WIOD). As a result, a rich database covering more than 7.5 million observations is created. The regression-based decomposition modelling technique developed by Fiorio and Jenkins (2010) is used to identify the contributions of different factors to wage inequalities, focusing on the components within and between firms. Findings & value added: The analysis presented in this paper aimed to show the contribution of GVC involvement, among various other factors, to the observed inequality of wages. Due to the use of a rich database that merges employer and employee data, the effects materialised with respect to different types of wages could be analysed separately, in particular components between and within firms. The general conclusion from the regression-based decomposition in log wages is that GVCs contribute marginally to the observed wage inequality in the European sample analysed in this paper. Some differences confronting the components within and between firms (the latter dominates) are observed; there is also certain intra sample heterogeneity in the estimated results (e.g. due to sector type or country group), but the general result is robust.