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Akademickie niestatki, czyli o niechlubnym żywocie polskich studentów w podróżach edukacyjnych po Europie Zachodniej od XVI do XVII wieku

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Pietrzak J.

2014

nr 32

7-28

Initially, the article describes the perfect educational tour for a young nobleman in the 16th and 17th centuries. However, the ideal, as exemplified by the instructions and advice of parents, was in stark contrast with the actual behaviour of the students. Their excesses, triggered by leaving their family nests, their youth and pride in their heritage, took many forms. Among them were laziness, lack of respect for teachers, scuffles with other Poles or foreign students, drinking, gambling and fornicating. Such behaviour disgraced the young noblemen and led to them being expelled from universities, being incarcerated, or having to pay fines. Sometimes, the young men caught venereal diseases as a result of their sexual promiscuity, or sired illegitimate offspring. A number of them died due to excessive drinking and eating, or during street duels. The lives of Polish students have been described in numerous accounts from the universities of Padua, Bologna, Rome, Leiden and Altdorf.

Pobyt metropolity mołdawskiego Dozyteusza w Żółkwi w latach 1686-1693, spadek po nim oraz sprawa kultu św. Jana Nowego (Suczawskiego) do końca XVIII wieku

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Pietrzak J.

tom 26

nr 1

82-101

Jarosław Pietrzak – absolwent Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, doktor nauk humanistycznych w zakresie historii, adiunkt w Katedrze Historii Nowożytnej (Instytut Historii i Archiwistyki Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie). Autor książki pt. Księżna dobrodziejka. Katarzyna z Sobieskich Radziwiłłowa (1634-1694) – życie i działalność (Warszawa 2016). Współpracownik Muzeum Pałacu Króla Jana III w Wilanowie, stypendysta Fundacji Lanckorońskich z Brzezia.

„Niebiańscy orędownicy” – w kręgu kultu świętych patronów rodu Sobieskich i ich peregrynacji

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Pietrzak J.

nr 90

23-45

The purpose of this article is to present the forms devotion used by the Sobieski family to venerate Saint James the Greater and Saint Hyacinth and incidentally also Saint Dacian and Saint Crescentia. The family forefathers – Stanisław and Jan Sobieski – were Protestants and therefore did not venerate saint patrons. Marek Sobieski’s conversion to Catholicism, brought about by many reasons e.g. promotion prospects and Jan Zamoyski’s influence, motivated the family to take up patron saints to intercede with God on their behalf. The pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela made by Jakub Sobieski initiated the veneration practices by the family members. This article discusses the enigmatic voyage that Jakub Ludwik Sobieski supposedly made and argues that it was only a popular manner of picturing the patron saints leading souls to salvations. Founding churches, votive altars and lamps and pilgrimages as well were expressions of Saint Hyacinth’s cult. This cult encompassed not only Kraków but also Złoczów, Zółkiew and Pomorzany, cities owned by the Sobieski family. It is also important to emphasise John III Sobieski’s efforts to proclaim St Hyacinth the saint patron of Poland as a thanksgiving for the victorious Battle of Vienna. The article includes references to archival sources, topical literature as well as literary and iconographic works.