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24-Epibrassinolide maintains elevated redox state of AsA and GSH in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings under zinc stress

100%

Ramakrishna B. , Ram Rao S. S.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2013

tom 35

nr 04

Exogenous-applied 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) increased the seedling growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) in terms of seedling length, fresh weight and dry weight both in zinc (Zn2+)-stressed and unstressed conditions. Moreover, EBR lowered the Zn2+ uptake and bioaccumulation. Increased oxidation of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) pools to dehydroascorbate and glutathione disulfide respectively was observed in Zn2+-stressed seedlings, a clear indication of oxidative stress. However, exogenous application of EBR to stressed seedlings inhibited the oxidation of ascorbate and glutathione, maintaining redox molecules in reduced form. Under Zn2+ stress, enzymatic activities of ascorbate–glutathione cycle such as ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase increased but the dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase decreased. Zn2+ stress induced the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and glutathiones- transferase activities in radish seedlings were further enhanced with EBR application. Zn2+ toxicity decreased the thiol content but, EBR supplementation resulted in restoration of thiol pool. The results of present study clearly demonstrated that external application of EBR modulates the AsA and GSH redox status to combat the oxidative stress of Zn2+ in seedlings via the AsA–GSH cycle and glutathione metabolism as an antioxidant defense system.

Investigation of additive manufactured micro-lattice structures for defence applications

70%

Shaik A. M. , Reddy B. V. S. , Sastry C. C. , Krishnaiah J. , Ramakrishna B.

Materials Science Poland

2023

tom Vol. 41, No. 2

383--400

This study investigates the blast mitigation capabilities of A286 steel micro-lattice structures produced through additive manufacturing. The research explores the effects of different manufacturing conditions, such as stress relief and heat treatment, on the mechanical properties and blast resistance of honeycomb and gyroid lattice structures in correlation with armour steel structures. Comprehensive evaluations, including surface morphology, corrosion resistance, and compressive residual stress analysis, reveal notable findings for micro-lattice structures. Micro-lattice structures demonstrated 57.23% higher corrosion resistance compared to conventional materials, presently available in the form of rolled homogeneous armour, medium hardness armour, and high-nitrogen steel. Additionally, honeycomb lattice structures exhibit compressive residual stresses of up to 581.90 MPa, providing significant advantages in blast mitigation potential. These results underscore the significance of lattice geometry, material microstructure, and residual stress in enhancing blast resistance. The research offers valuable insights into optimizing additive manufactured structures as an alternative modular solution for defence applications.