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2 Business and Economic Horizons

2 2011

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Agricultural efficiency under resource scarcity in Uzbekistan: A Data Envelopment Analysis

100%

Hasanov S. , Nomman M. A.

Business and Economic Horizons

2011

tom 4

nr 1

81-87

Water scarcity and land degradation increases led to a sharp rise in input resource's costs. These developments make it increasingly difficult for agricultural farms to produce according to the demand for food and other commodities, especially owing a rapid population growth. The present study aims to focus on scarce resource use in the agricultural production of the Zarafshan valley by means of the efficiency analysis. A DEA model is estimated to investigate the farm level efficiency levels with respect to the use of the limited resources available to the farmers. By the application of linear programming methods a 'best practice frontier is estimated', classifying farms on the frontier as efficient and others as inefficient with respect to different scales. Technical and allocative efficiencies are calculated relative to the frontier. Results shows input resources are not used efficiently and a great majority of farms could effectively reduce considerable amounts of input use by still producing the same output.

Economic assessment of the impact of climate change on the agriculture of Pakistan

100%

Nomman M. A. , Schmitz M.

Business and Economic Horizons

2011

tom 4

nr 1

1-12

This article studies how climate change affects the agricultural productivity in Pakistan`s four provinces Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and the N.W.F.P., measured as weighted food crop yields per hectare, for the food crops wheat, rice and maize. By considering the RABI (Nov-Apr) growing season and including a measure for drought to capture the occurrence of extreme events, exacerbated through climate change, the proposed hypothesis is that changing climatic variables have reduced and are reducing the agricultural productivity and thus posing a threat to long term food security. To depict the effect of climate change, several control variables are introduced in a panel framework for intertemporal analysis. As a result, we should expect lower levels of productivity in the arid zones with greater climatic pressure and adverse effects on food security through lower agricultural yields.