Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Geologiczno-inżynierska ocena zagrożeń osuwiskowych w utworach lessowych południowo-wschodniej Polski

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Borecka A. , Kaczmarczyk R.

Geologos

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2007

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tom Vol. 11

347--356

PL

Pokrywa lessowa południowo-wschodniej części Polski, stanowi podłoże budowlane na obszarze blisko 15 tys. km2. Z uwagi na dużą wrażliwość lessów na zmiany wilgotności, utwory te traktowane są często w geologii inżynierskiej jako „grunty niepewne”. Oddziaływanie wody prowadzi do znacznego pogorszenia się właściwości fizyko-mechanicznych lessów, zwłaszcza lessów facji eolicznej, a w konsekwencji do uaktywnienia szeregu procesów geodynamicznych stanowiących realne zagrożenie zarówno dla różnego rodzaju obiektów budowlanych (budynki mieszkalne, gospodarcze itp.), linii kolejowych, dróg, jak i dla bezpieczeństwa ludzi. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań podstawowych parametrów fizyko-mechanicznych lessów z okolic Sandomierza i Krasnegostawu, a także charakterystykę najbardziej typowych ruchów masowych, jakie zarejestrowano w utworach lessowych w trakcie prowadzonych prac terenowych dla potrzeb realizacji projektu badawczego na zlecenie Ministerstwa Środowiska.

EN

In the southeastern part of Polad the loess cover provides a groundbase over the area of nearly 15,000 km2. Due to high sensitivity of loess for moisture changes, this soil is commonly regarded as “risky foundation”. The action of water declines both the physical and mechenical properties of loess, particularly loess of eolian origin. As a result, several geodynamic processes become active, which cause hazard for constructions (variety of buildings, railways, roads, etc.) and for humans. The paper presents the results of studies on principal, physical and mechanical properties of loess from the vicinity of Sandomierz and Krasnystaw towns as well as the characterization of most typical mass movements recorded in loess during the field studies. The research project was ordered by the Ministry of Environment.

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Wpływ metody wyznaczania parametrów wytrzymałościowych gruntów na wyniki analiz stateczności skarp i zboczy

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Kaczmarczyk R. , Czurczak J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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tom Vol. 68, nr 7

577--583

EN

The basic assumptions determining the methodology for testing soil strength parameters have been known for almost 250years (Coulomb, 1773). Nevertheless, obtaining reliable and unambiguous parameter values for calculations is still a difficult problem. The main problem results from the fact that soil strength parameters are not a material constant. This means that the values of the angle of internal friction and soil coherence are dependent on the research methodology used. The article presents the impact of the method of determination of soil strength parameters on the assessment of slope stability. The earlier literature recommends adapting the method of testing samples as much as possible to real conditions. This allows the geologist to have some freedom in choosing the research methodology. The PN-EN1997-2: 2008 standard puts more emphasis on a uniform test methodology. In the interpretation of Eurocode 7, due to the need to determine accurately effective stresses, "only strength tests of soils completely saturated with water or dry soils are considered". Stability analyses performed for a small, still active landslide in Kojszówka have shown that the use of only effective parameters for slope analyses may not be fully reliable.

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Zagrożenia związane z głębokim posadawianiem budowli w obrębie iłów mioceńskich występujących w podłożu Krakowa

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Czurczak J. , Kaczmarczyk R. , Czurczak M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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tom Vol. 70, nr 8

581--589

EN

The constant development of large urban centres such as Kraków causes a demand for residential and industrial space, which is difficult to meet. This forces the necessity to implement further construction investments in difficult soil and water conditions. Due to the limitations resulting from the relatively small area possible for development, multi-level underground floors are designed more and more often. The foundation of additional risks, which, if not taken into account, may lead to damage to buildings. The purpose of the article is to characterize the risks involved with the placement of objects on Miocene clay layers in terms of their tendency to volumetric changes, swelling and shrinkage. The threats are presented using the example of selected buildings in Kraków, which were founded within the clay and then failed for various reasons. Additionally, the article presents the results of laboratory tests of Miocene clays from various locations within the city of Kraków.