The article aims at showing the issue of the relation between the state and the legal order in the neo-Kantian philosopher Rudolf Stammler's philosophy of law. Stammler's thesis about the identity of the state and the legal order is accepted as the point of departure of the discussion. Analysis of the phenomenon of positive law as the logical condition for presenting the concept of the state finally leads to the conclusion that Stammler's position cannot be maintained, as it means „limiting the conceptual definition of the being of the state” to only one function, that is the function with the legislative character, consisting in creating and realizing legal norms. Finally it is said that Stammler „leaves out of his reasoning the fact that the state must not be understood as a being with the legal structure only, as, of its essence, it also has the political structure, existing largely outside the jurisdiction of legal norms”.
The author of the present study is particularly interested in the a priori epistemology “shown” by the German philosopher, which is the heart of the transcendental method both for Kant and for the Marburg philosophers. In the context of Stammler’s philosophy of law it is essential first of all from the point of view of the structure of the a priori concept of law that presents the fundamental issue for the study of his formal philosophy of law.
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