Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Implikacje zwalczania terroryzmu międzynarodowego w Europie dla Polski

100%

Chorośnicki M.

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

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2007

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nr 4

139-150

EN

The paper “Implications of fighting international terrorism in Europe for Poland” raises the issues' indicated in the title in a multi-faceted manner. Its author analyzes the origins and specificity of terrorist acts and incidents in Central and Eastem Europę. Furthermore, the paper discusses legal and political steps taken by the authorities of the European Union, whose lack would render an analysis of the steps taken in Poland to counter, prevent and/or eliminating impact of terrorist acts difficult. Moreover, the paper raises the issues of the scope of Poland’s anti-terrorist cooperation with its closest neighbors, mainly Germany and Russia. Particular attention is paid to successful fight against terrorism in the Federal Republic of Germany, the country with considerable achievements in this area, able to offer its model solutions to other states in bilateral and regional formats.The final conclusions analyze various preventive measures taken in Poland in order to counteract terrorism and the current level of terrorist threat to Poland. The author claims that since autumn 2007 the new Polish govemment will have to decide quickly what option of foreign policy to follow and what direction of anti-terrorist cooperation to develop: the European or the American one. A compromise is both possible and highly desirable, as its result will strengthen Poland’s position within the international large-scale anti-terrorist cooperation and improve national security.

2

Problemy energetyki atomowej w Unii Europejskiej

100%

Chorośnicki M.

Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka

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2012

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nr 2

7-15

EN

The paper is devoted to the changes that have ocurred in the World and European nuclear power engineering after the disaster of Fukushima plant in Japan in 2011. In the Introduction, the author describes the state of nuclear power engineering in the world, with its 443 nuclear reactors markedly prevailing over traditional coal or gas fuelled power plants. The analysis involves the status of the sector in the European Union where the greatest attention is paid to the free market, competitivness and safety. The choice between traditional or nuclear plants is left to respective states. This gives rise to large differences and lack of common policy of the European Eunion relating to the whole sector. The paper discusses Germany’s decision to gradually resign from nuclear power engineering by 2022. The reasons for that are mostly politica, but also economic and present an attempt at increasing power production from renewable sources. The opposite position is occupied by France where 75% of the total electric power is obtained from nuclear plants and for which the whole sector constitutes a huge economic conglomerate employing over a million people. Subject of analysis in the paper is also the energy policy of other EU states, including the Central and East European countries for which the embracement of nuclear power is the only sensible alternative capable of dealing with the so called decarbonization, that is the increased CO2 emission to the atmosphere. There is also some attention given to Poland which faces the final and strategical choice (in 2013) of the way along which its national power policy will go. Summing up, the author, in agreement with the experts’ opinion, notes that despite the difficulties, inconsequences and limitations, the growth of nuclear power engineering will continue within the framework of global civilisational development for which there is no other alternative.

PL

Artykuł omawia zmiany, jakie zaszły w światowej i europejskiej energetyce jądrowej po katastrofie w elektrowni Fukushima w Japonii w 2011 roku. We wstępie opisany został stan energetyki jądrowej na świecie, gdzie 443 reaktorów atomowych znacznie przewyższa liczbę elektrowni tradycyjnych opalanych węglem lub gazem. Analizie poddano stan regulacji sektora Unii Europejskiej, w którym największe znaczenie przywiązuje się do wolnego rynku i bezpieczeństwa. To państwa decydują o wyborze elektrowni tradycyjnej lub jądrowej, co rodzi rozbieżności i brak wspólnej polityki w Unii Europejskiej wobec całego sektora. Omówiono decyzje Niemiec o stopniowej rezygnacji z energetyki atomowej do 2022 roku. Jej przyczyny w głównej mierze mają charakter polityczny, a także ekonomiczny; jest to też próba zwiększenia produkcji energii ze źródeł odnawialnych. Na przeciwnym biegunie znajduje się Francja, która 75% całości energii elektrycznej produkuje w elektrowniach jądrowych i dla której cały sektor stanowi olbrzymi konglomerat gospodarczy zatrudniający blisko milion ludzi. Analizie poddano też politykę energetyczną innych krajów Unii, w tym także państw Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, dla których wybór energii jądrowej jest jedyną sensowną alternatywą mogącą sprostać tzw. dekarbonizacji, to jest wzmożonej emisji dwutlenku węgla do atmosfery. Polska obecnie stoi przed ostatecznym i strategicznym wyborem (w 2013 r.) drogi rozwojowej krajowej energetyki. Mimo trudności, niekonsekwencji i ograniczeń rozwój energetyki jądrowej będzie postępować w ramach ogólnego postępu cywilizacyjnego, dla którego nie ma innej alternatywy.

3

Państwo Islamskie – efemeryda czy trwały trend?

100%

Chorośnicki M.

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

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2015

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nr 1

39-46

EN

The present article analyses Use phenomena of the Islamic State, since its coming into being until now. Undoubtedly, it makes, up a significant factor disturbing safety and order both in the regional and global scale. Moreover, the methods of operation of the Islamists and passive reaction of the West, which is limited to bombing and providing military aid, have been analysed. The key players in the conflict under question are the West countries, the special military forces thereof are operating in the territories occupied by the Islamists, whereas in the region of Syria, Turkey, Iraq and Iran, each of the concerned country, due to different, reasons, acts in an entanglement of circumstances being supported by the conflict. The Islamic State will not survive because it is embraced and fight off by all, none is going to recognize it as a state in accordance with the international law; nevertheless, it may by „transferred” to the grounds of the so called failed states. This in turn will cause successive waves of emigration, humanitarian disasters and return to Europe the volunteers originating from those continents. They can engage in terroristic and subversive activity being at the same time difficult to detect.

4

Tea Party jako prawicowy odłam republikanów

63%

Chorośnicki M.

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

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2011

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nr 4

325-330