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Porównanie udziału chronionych i zagrożonych gatunków roślin w kompleksach ich zbiorowisk roślinnych doliny Noteci i Kanału Bydgoskiego

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Waldon-Rudzionek B.

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2015

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tom 23

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nr 5

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Is the flora of oxbow lakes different from that of fishponds? A comparison of two types of water reservoirs in the Notec River valley and Bydgoszcz Canal valley (NW Poland)

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Waldon-Rudzionek B.

Ecological Questions

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2017

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tom 25

EN

The study was conducted in the growing seasons of 2011–2013 and involved 10 oxbow lakes located in the vicinity of Chobielin and 10 fishponds near Ślesin (north-western Poland). The oxbow lakes were characterized by a greater floristic diversity (212 species) compared with the ponds (131 species). Their flora has a more natural character, which is manifested in a higher pro- portion of native species, including non-synanthropic spontaneophytes (45.3%) as well as some legally protected species. In the ar- tificial reservoirs, non-native species represented 12.2% of the total number of species, in natural reservoirs – only 8.5%. The main differences in the spectrum of life forms were manifested in a higher relative abundance of phanerophytes in the vegetation of the oxbow lakes (10.8%), and a higher abundance of hydrophytes along with helophytes (17.6%), therophytes (18.3%), and geophytes (16.3%) in the ponds. The flora of the oxbow lakes was represented by species belonging to 20 phytosociological classes, while the flora of the ponds – 14 classes. Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Phragmitetea australis accounted for the highest relative species abun- dance in both types of water bodies. Oxbow lakes are characterized by a much greater proportion of species from Querco-Fagetea, almost exclusively non-synanthropic spontaneophytes. Management practices associated with the maintenance of the ponds translate into a higher proportion of ruderal species, by nearly 6%. As a result, taxa from Artemisietea vulgaris were more numerous in the ponds. Edificators from Lemnetea minoris and Potametea were also abundant there. The differences in the analysed flora, resulting primarily from different origins of the reservoirs and their surroundings (mainly forests in the case of the oxbow lakes and meadows around the ponds), was confirmed by statistical analysis and synanthropization indices. Despite their different origin and management methods, both types of reservoirs are valuable refuges for native flora and are characterized by high and similar values of floristic diversity indices. While the oxbow lakes are protected from degradation as protected habitats, the existence and condition of vegeta- tion in fishponds are entirely dependent on the economic regime of fish farms.

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Porównanie udziału chronionych i zagrożonych gatunków roślin w kompleksach ich zbiorowisk roślinnych doliny Noteci i Kanału Bydgoskiego

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Waldon-Rudzionek B.

Ekologia i Technika

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2015

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tom R. 23, nr 5

257--268

PL

W obrębie trzech transektów przecinających doliny Noteci i Kanału Bydgoskiego wraz z ich krawędziami w okolicach Ślesina, Nakła nad Notecią i Bielaw, zajmujących łączną powierzchnię 25,11 km2 udokumentowano występowanie 889 taksonów roślin naczyniowych. Wśród nich tzw. gatunki „cenne", czyli gatunki chronione i uwzględnione na krajowych, regionalnych listach i lokalnie rzadkie stanowią 14,52%. Ochroną ścisłą objętych jest 13, a częściową 21 taksonów. Do największych osobliwości analizowanego terenu należą Betula humilis, Carex atherades, Ostericum palustre, Sorbus intermedia i Stipajoannis ujęte w Polskiej Czerwonej Księdze. Aż 24 gatunki znajdują się na liście zagrożonych roślin naczyniowych Polski, 60 należy do zagrożonych w regionie kujawsko-pomorskim, 61 jest zagrożonych w skali Pomorza, a 64 w Wielkopolsce. Na liście zagrożonych chwastów segetalnych znajdujj się 33 gatunki. W obrębie analizowanej grupy do lokalnych nie bardzo rzadkich i rzadkich należy 110 taksonów (12,37% ogólnej flory). Gatunki „cenne" najliczniej występują w obrębie wydzieleń o dużym stopniu naturalności - w kompleksach roślinności lasów zgodnych z siedliskiem oraj półnaturalnych, ekstensywnie użytkowanych - k.r. muraw kserotermicznych i k.r. użytków zielonych. Brana pod uwagę wielkość powierzchni porównywalnych dolin nie ma większego wpływu na ich bogactwo florystyczne. Na znacznie większym obszarze doliny Noteci udokumentowano 786 taksonów, z czego 85 (10,81%) należy do gatunków chronionych i zagrozi nych, natomiast w dolinie Kanału Bydgoskiego wykazl no 751 gatunków, a 94 (12,52%) spośród nich to gatunki „cenne". W dolinie Kanału Bydgoskiego, mimo znacznie wcześniejszego oraz intensywniejszego zagospodarowania, jest znacznie więcej gatunków „cennych". Ma na to wpływ większe zróżnicowanie siedlisk, a także duża liczba wydzieleń reprezentujących kompleks zbiorowisk roślinnych o najwyższym odsetku chronionyc i zagrożonych gatunków - muraw kserotermicznych.

EN

Within three transects intersecting Noteć and Bydgoszcz Canal valleys encompassing the edges thereof near Ślesin, Nakło upon Noteć and Bielawy occupying In total an area of 25,11 km2 the occurrence of 889 vascular plant taxa were documented. Among them so called "valuable" species, i.e. species under protection and included in national, regional lists and locally rare make 14,52%. There are 13 taxa under strict protection and 21 partially protected. Betula humilis, Carex atherodes, Ostericwn palustre, Sorbus intermedia and Stipa joannis are the most valuable spiecies in the study area included in the Polish red data book. As many as 24 species are on the list of threatened vascular plants of Poland, 60 are threatened within Kujawy-Pomorze region, 61 are threatened in Pomorze and 64 in Wielkopolska. On the list of segetal weeds 33 species are found. The analyzed group comprises 110 locally very rare and rare taxa (12,37% of total flora). "Valuable" species occur the most abundantly within delimitated areas natural to a large degree - in complexes of forest vegetation compatible with their habitat and semi-natural, extensively used - v.c. of xerothermic grasslands and v.c. of grasslands. The size of the compared valley area taken into account has no influence on their species abundance. In a distinctly larger area of Noteć valley 786 taxa were documented, of which 85 (10,81%) are protected and threatened species, wheras in Bydgoszcz Channel valley 751 spieces were listed, of which 94 (12,52%) are "valuable" species. In the valley of Bydgoszcz Channel there are a lot more "valuable" species despite much earlier and morę intensive use. It influences a higher habitat diversity as well as a large number of delimitated areas representing complexes of plant communities with the highest percent – age of protected and threatened species – xerothermic glasslands.

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Nowe dla Polski stanowisko gwiazdy wieloporowatej Myriostoma coliforme w rezerwacie Las Mariański w pobliżu Bydgoszczy

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Waldon-Rudzionek B. , Rudzionek B.

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nr 4

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The occurrence of Atriplex littoralis L. in Poland

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Ratynska H. , Waldon-Rudzionek B. , Wachowiak E.

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nr 3

EN

The Atriplex littoralis L. is a rare and endangered species in Poland and many other countries in Europe. In Poland it is mainly found on the west coast and also rarely in central parts. It has been seen in Puck Bay and the Gulf of Gdańsk as well as in Hel Peninsula. The grassleaf orache is a halophyte, terophyte and a sunlight-loving plant. Data shows that apart from on the coast, this species may also appear in inland areas, for example on ruderal habitats such as roadsides. The results of our observations confirm the presence of the species on beaches and rocky bank reinforcement, with accumulation of annual vegetation in the Hel Peninsula and Puck Bay. Five sites, where Atriplex littoralis specimens occur have been found. In each site 1 to 15 specimens where found, in total 31. Five phytosociological relevés were made within the floristically poor patches of Matricario maritimae-Atriplicetum littoralis (Christiansen 1933) R.Tx. 1950. This association represents the protected type of habitat: Annual vegetation of drift lines (1210).