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1
Content available Z przeszłości Kaszubów w Polonii, Wisconsin
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In the present paper, the author concerns himself with the history of the village of Polonia, Wisconsin, 11 miles away from Stevens Points. Colonisation of the area was begun by Michał Kożyczkowski, an immigrant from Gdańsk district in Poland. His discendants associate his name with the village of Kożyczkowo near Kartuzy in the Kashubian territory. The first church in Polonia was built in 1865 under the leadership of Rev. Bonawentura Buczyński. Also Rev. J. Dąbrowski, who arrived at Polonia in 1870, played an very significant part in the parish. The paper presents a characteristic of contemporary Polonia including the church, cemetery and the convent of Felician Sisters where most traces of the Polish community survived. The author points out to the parish registers, especially to the register of marriages and deaths preserved from 1888, as an invaluable genealogical material for study. Changes and alterations in the spellings of Polish names are commented upon, and a list of the names of people comming from the Kashubian territory of Pomerania (including the division into administrative districts) is inclosed.
EN
The route of the Pomeranian emigration usually led from the German ports in Bremen and Hamburg across the Atlantic to the water system of the Great Lakes. Other emigrants passed the Lakes round, landing in New York. On the American continent the Kassubian emigration can be devided into two groups: big cities and the remaining places. In the former group we can enumerate such cities as Detroit (the parishes of St. Wojciech and St. Casimir, Chicago) the parishes of St. Stanislaus Kostka and St. Josaphat, Milwaukee and Winona (the parishes of St. Stanislaus and St. Casimir). Among the remaining places the following should be pointed to: Polonia, Stevens Point, Green Bay, Couster, Berlin Wise., New Brighton, Warszawa (Pulaski), Minto, Fried, Grenville and Chojnice. The traces of the Kassubian immigration in the bigger cities are rudimentary, and in the remaining places - inconspicuous. In the linguistic respect the chances for the survival of the Kassubian tongue are much worse than those of Polish, since, where it still exists, it is at the very most the homely jargon. A high death rate among the old Kassubians, both the U. S. and in the Ontario Kassubes in Canada is also to its disadvantage. One of the chances to save the Polish character of the American Kassubians could be to intesify the personal contacts by inviting more nationally conscious persons to the Polish Kassubes and aroucing their interest in the Kassubian literature (F. Neureiter. Geschichte der kaschubischen Literatur. München 1978 p. 281) and the folk culture, and in this way to contract longer lasting bonds.
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Content available Polskość kanadyjskich Kaszubów
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The emigration of Pomeranian Kashubs to the neighbourhood of Canadian localities: Wilno, Barry’s Bay and Round Lake Centre began in 1859. It is thought that in 1887 about 200 families lived in these areas. The first Polish chapel was consecrated in 1876. Today in the above mentioned localities there exist three Polish parishes. In Canadian Kashubs there remained numerous vestiges of Polish national culture. Among them most precious are old cemeteries with wooden crosses and Polish inscriptions. In 1959 the Canadian authorities had officially confirmed the name „Kashubs”. There exist here a scout center for the Canadians of Polish extraction. The parochial archieves in Wilno, Brudenell, Barry’s Bay, Round Lake Centre, Killaloe and Combermere witness also to the nationality of,the first pionners. Polish inscriptions are found on many shops as well as names of the founders under stations of the Cross or stained glasses. A great contribution to maintaining of the Polish language was due to priests. This is evident in many ceremonies and religious festivities.
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The article presents P. P. Rhode (1870-1945) the first Polish-American bishop. At the beginning of the 20th century Polish-Americans (in number of around 2,5 million) urgently needed their own bishop in the hierarchy of the Roman-Catholic Church in the USA. They finally achieved it when the Polish National Catholic Church came to existence as a result of a great conflict between Polish immigrants and the American hierarchy. Bishop Rhode was an ordinary of the American diocese of Green Bay. Being of Polish origin he actively participated in the life of Polonia and contributed a lot to maintaining Polish and Catholic national values. Besides, Bishop Rhode was deeply engaged in help for Poland during World War I and in the post-war period. He was a distinguished leader of the majority of North-American Polonia.
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The above article concerns the archives of the parish offices of the Canadian Kashoubia, some records from Gdarisk and Lipusz as well as the notes of T. French of Toronto. There is mention of the manuscript work of H. Pieprzycki, who greatly drew upon the resources of the parish archives in Wilno. There is also mention of the scholarly journal of E. C. Shalla. Three of the parishes studied, Wilno, Barry's Bay, and Round Lake Centre were documented in albums and folders. Among the Polish authors who have dealt with this problem are Z. Komorowski, J. Kucharska, E. Breza, K. Ickiewicz, and W. Szulist. In the near future there will be printed an album in English on the Kashoubs of the Madawaska highland under the editorship of A. Zurakowska.
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