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2 Acta Chiropterologica

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Short CF-FM and FM-short CF calls in the echolocation behavior of Pteronotus macleayii (Chiroptera: Mormoopidae)

100%

Mora E. C. , Macias S.

tom 13

nr 2

Echolocation signals were recorded from the Macleay's bat (Pteronotus macleayii) while hunting for insects in the field. Search, approach and terminal phases were identified in the foraging activity of the species. During search phase, P. macleayii emitted calls consisting of a short CF component followed by a downward FM sweep (sCF-FM), typical of the small Pteronotus species. In addition, FM-sCF calls were recorded. In search flight some sequences consisted only of sCF-FM calls while others consisted only of FM-sCF calls. Most sequences, however, combined both call designs. Based on this and previous studies we suggest that sCF-FM and FM-sCF calls will characterize the vocal repertoire of each of the small Pteronotus species. We discuss the relevance of our results for acoustic identification of P. macleayii and the other small Pteronotus in the field.

Echolocation behaviour of Phyllops falcatus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae): unusual frequency range of the first harmonic

80%

Macias S. , Mora E. C. , Koch C. , von Helversen O.

tom 07

nr 2

We studied the echolocation calls emitted by Phyllops falcatus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) during foraging, in the field and in the lab. Calls emitted in free flight, in a more or less uncluttered situation, were about 4.5 ms (up to 5.3 ms) long and characterized by a sweep of the first harmonic (= fundamental) from ca. 73 kHz down to about 23 kHz, which is unusually large for phyllostomid bats. A less intense second harmonic was always present. The intervals between pulses varied between 55 and 170 ms with a mean of about 110 ms. During approach to bushes or trees (or during flight in confined space between bushes), or in the flight room, calls became shorter (ca. 2 ms) and more energy was allocated to the second harmonic, sometimes also a third harmonic appeared. During approach to a fruit calls were further shortened (about 1 ms or less), and call frequency increased to about 5 calls/100 ms, calls often being grouped. The large bandwidth of the first harmonic separates Phyllops from all other Cuban bat species and allows identification in the field.