Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Europa w cieniu imperium

100%

Kołodziej J.

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tom 1. From totalitarism to citizen's societes in the United Europe

385-389

EN

Once we used to say that the world is divided between rich and poor, then between north and south, after that people often used a slogan: the west and the rest. Today this west is America. There has been a huge turn in the way of thinking about our world. Many political scientists and sociologists say nowadays, that there is no west anymore, it has lost its significance. Ways of the Europe and USA had split. It is time to cease pretending that, Europeans and Americans still think about world in the same way, because now they live in two entirely different worlds. Of course, they both have same ideas and aspirations, but they perceive the world, define notions and means of international policy otherwise. That is why they often disagree and cannot really understand each other. The abyss between them is getting tremendously large. The question, which appears is: How is it possible, that Europe and America changed their attitude to international policy so radically? Yet it was Europe, where all the religious, ethnical and national wars took place, where Napoleon, Bismarck or Hitler ruled, and it was America where all the citizens denounced the XIX century imperial European policy. It appears that the strategic cultures have changed all the way around. That situation was possible, because in the 20th century it was the USA, that became a world-power even stronger than Europe. Before, America was too weak and had not enough military power to conduct forceful policy of power. Nowadays Americans reigns in world’s most important domains: technology, economy, military and culture and that makes it the only world-power. Europe unfortunately had to say goodbye to its hegemony and now it has to rely on international law because its military power is embarrassingly tiny in comparison with American.

2

Internet w Chorwacji wykorzystywany prywatnie i publicznie

100%

Kołodziej J.

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tom 6

77 - 87

EN

The paper is devoted to diagnosing the availability and use of the internet in Croatia. The author analyses the legal situation, availability of the internet as a communication channel as well as anthropological contexts of network communication, referring to the practice of the media system in Croatia. She discusses changes in the availability of the internet in Croatia, analyses the Croatians’ web activities, examines the social media, their popularity and specificity of functioning in Croatia. The paper also includes remarks concerning legal issues as well as the economic functioning of the web.

3

Modern approaches to modeling user requirements on resource and task allocation in hierarchical computational grids

63%

Kołodziej J. , Xhafa F.

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tom 21

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nr 2

243-257

EN

Tasks scheduling and resource allocation are among crucial issues in any large scale distributed system, including Computational Grids (CGs). These issues are commonly investigated using traditional computational models and resolution methods that yield near-optimal scheduling strategies. One drawback of such approaches is that they cannot effectively tackle the complex nature of CGs. On the one hand, such systems account for many administrative domains with their own access policies, user privileges, etc. On the other, CGs have hierarchical nature and therefore any computational model should be able to effectively express the hierarchical architecture in the optimization model. Recently, researchers have been investigating the use of game theory for modeling user requirements regarding task and resource allocation in grid scheduling problems. In this paper we present two general non-cooperative game approaches, namely, the symmetric non-zero sum game and the asymmetric Stackelberg game for modeling grid user behavior defined as user requirements. In our game-theoretic approaches we are able to cast new requirements arising in allocation problems, such as asymmetric users relations, security and reliability restrictions in CGs. For solving the games, we designed and implemented GA-based hybrid schedulers for approximating the equilibrium points for both games. The proposed hybrid resolution methods are experimentally evaluated through the grid simulator under heterogeneity, and large-scale and dynamics conditions. The relative performance of the schedulers is measured in terms of the makespan and flowtime metrics. The experimental analysis showed high efficiency of meta-heuristics in solving the game-based models, especially in the case of an additional cost of secure task scheduling to be paid by the users.

4

Maintaining the feasibility of hard real-time systems with a reduced number of priority levels

45%

Qureshi M. , Alrashed S. , Min-Allah N. , Kołodziej J. , Arabas P.

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tom 25

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nr 4

709-722

EN

When there is a mismatch between the cardinality of a periodic task set and the priority levels supported by the underlying hardware systems, multiple tasks are grouped into one class so as to maintain a specific level of confidence in their accuracy. However, such a transformation is achieved at the expense of the loss of schedulability of the original task set. We further investigate the aforementioned problem and report the following contributions: (i) a novel technique for mapping unlimited priority tasks into a reduced number of classes that do not violate the schedulability of the original task set and (ii) an efficient feasibility test that eliminates insufficient points during the feasibility analysis. The theoretical correctness of both contributions is checked through formal verifications. Moreover, the experimental results reveal the superiority of our work over the existing feasibility tests by reducing the number of scheduling points that are needed otherwise.