To reveal energy transfer characteristics of a hybrid energy-regenerative suspension during the driving process, a two-degree-of-freedom suspension model considering the nonlinearity of the tire damping is proposed. Meanwhile, energy efficiency, the unified index for all driving conditions, is obtained, and its sensitivity to different influencing factors is deeply analyzed. The results obviously show that the influence of the same structural parameters on energy efficiency varies with the excitation frequency of the road surface, especially at 1 Hz and 10 Hz. Based on these results, the damping values under different frequency bands are optimized to balance the energy recovery and dynamic performances of the suspension.
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