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2 Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

2 Rychter M.

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The Power of Voice

100%

Rychter M.

nr 2

1-3

Ernst Cassirer rightly observed that culture, in all its manifold forms, requires expression and, accordingly, is always mediated by some means of communication. These means are extremely diverse – from simple gestures and face expressions or drawings on the stone walls to sounds combined in sophisticated ways into musical compositions, subtle languages of literature, carefully arranged moves of dancers and actors, mathematical formulas, and – more recently – whole worlds created in the digital, virtual realm. There is, however, one medium that seems to be a more primordial and originary conveyor of culture than the others, namely the human voice. Compared to – for example – writing, voice turns out to be a much more complicated phenomenon. First of all, mostly everything that could be written, can also be spoken. Secondly, and more importantly, voice allows for modalities that are unattainable for writing. Speaking in an articulated, regular manner and thus conveying a semantic content is just one way of using our voice. But voice does not necessarily need to be semantic. Sometimes we also shout, roar, howl, scream, or cry. In such cases, voice activates our most primeval forms of expression, linking us to the animal kingdom. But, on the other hand, voice – both in its semantic and asemantic mode – is a medium of music. As such, it sets us apart from the realm of animality, and allows for participation in the purely human realm of aesthetic experiences.

Not Your Everyday Objects

100%

Rychter M.

nr 2

158-168

Preview: /Review: Graham Harman and Christopher Witmore, Objects Untimely: Object-Oriented Ontology and Archaeology, (Cambridge and Hoboken: Polity Press, 2023), 240 pages./ This is a very unusual book and it is so in several different respects. Firstly, it is co-authored and that already makes it a rare bird in contemporary philosophical output. Secondly, the author duo represent different academic disciplines. Graham Harman is a philosopher devoted to developing and promoting his own metaphysical system, which he dubbed Object Oriented Ontology (OOO), whereas Christopher Witmore is an archaeologist and classicist focused on the material heritage of Ancient Greece. It is not just the fact that the book is co-authored by people with different professional backgrounds that makes it unique, but also that both authors themselves stand apart within their own fields. With his consistent focus on creating and constantly improving his own “theory of everything” while at the same time refusing to conform to either of the dominant trends in both continental and analytical philosophy, Harman is an exceptional figure in the landscape of contemporary philosophy. Also, Witmore – who displays a lot of interest in the abstract problems of methodological, philosophical and anthropological nature – is far from being a “typical” archaeologist of the day. Finally, the main topic of the book, which is on the nature and possible ways of conceptualizing time, is not often explicitly addressed in the recent literature within these fields – despite its undoubtedly fundamental significance for both philosophy and archaeology.