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EN
The aim of the article is to describe the circumstances and significance of the book debut of Roman Turek, a writer of peasant origins, whom Wiesław Myśliwski included among his literary predecessors. The autobiographical novel Moja mama, ja i reszta was published in its entirety in 1961 by Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, while fragments had previously been printed in national periodicals devoted to rural themes: "Orki", "Zarzewie" and "Zielony sztandar". Subsequent editions appeared in 1963, 1970, 1973 and 1989. It was the first part of the Galician tetralogy, the subject of which became the complicated fates and everyday life in the imaginary world of the inhabitants of the villages located near Łańcut. It was well received by the critics, some of whom highlighted the novel’s original, and even groundbreaking nature. The success surprised the author himself, a self-taught man born in a poor village near Łańcut, a veteran of World Wars I and II and the war of 1920, and a stoker in the world-famous liqueur factory of Count Potocki in Łańcut. Turek began writing after his retirement and published 9 works in prose – novels and short story collections. He was most popular in the 1960s and 1970s, being one of the most widely read authors of memoir literature in Poland. After his death in 1982, he was almost forgotten. The renaissance of interest in his work is associated with the debate on the issue of the peasant heritage of Poles, observed at the beginning of the second decade of the twenty-first century.
PL
Celem artykułu jest opisanie okoliczności oraz znaczenia debiutu książkowego Romana Turka, pisarza pochodzenia chłopskiego, którego Wiesław Myśliwski zaliczył do grona swych literackich antenatów. Powieść zatytułowana Moja mama, ja i reszta ukazała się w 1961 r. nakładem ogólnopolskiego prestiżowego wydawnictwa – Ludowej Spółdzielni Wydawniczej z siedzibą w Warszawie. Fragmenty były uprzednio drukowane na łamach ogólnopolskich periodyków o tematyce wiejskiej: „Orki”, „Zarzewia” i „Zielonego Sztandaru”. Książka spotkała się z dużym odzewem czytelniczym, kolejne wznowienia w ramach prestiżowej serii „Biblioteka Powszechna” ukazały się w 1963, 1970, 1973 i 1989 r. Powieść ma charakter autobiograficzny. Stanowił pierwszą część tetralogii galicyjskiej, której tematem są skomplikowane losy, codzienność i świat wyobrażony mieszkańców podłańcuckich wiosek. Została życzliwie przyjęta przez krytykę. Recenzje ukazywały się w pismach ogólnopolskich. Niektórzy z krytyków wskazywali na jej oryginalny, a nawet przełomowy dla prozy tematu wiejskiego charakter. Niewątpliwy sukces zaskoczył samego autora, samouka, urodzonego w biednej wiosce nieopodal Łańcuta, weterana I i II wojny światowej oraz wojny 1920 r. o wschodnie granice Polski, przez niemal 40 lat palacza w łańcuckiej, słynnej w świecie, likierni hr. Potockich. Roman Turek zaczął pisać po przejściu na emeryturę. Wydał 9 utworów prozatorskich – powieści i zbiorów opowiadań. Apogeum jego popularności przypadło na lata 60. i 70. XX wieku. Był wówczas jednym z najpoczytniejszych w Polsce autorów literatury wspomnieniowej. Po śmierci w 1982 r. został niemalże zapomniany. Renesans zainteresowania jego twórczością związany jest z sięgającą początków drugiego dziesięciolecia XXI wieku, inspirowaną wydarzeniami artystycznymi, literackimi, naukowymi debatą nad kwestią chłopskiego dziedzictwa Polaków.
2
Content available Obecność Romanowiczowej
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EN
Zofia Romanowiczowa (1922-2010) was a Polish writer and culture promotor, living in France. The devoted to her monograph authored by Arkadiusz Morawiec is of documentary nature. The book consists of three parts: a biographical note, a discussion of Romanowiczowa’s books’ reception and an extensive bibliography. Morawiec not reviews the views of other scholars, but also refers to the facts found in the source documents, to which he provides his own commentary.
EN
Zofia and Kazimierz Romanowiczowie are eminent figures of Polish post-war emigration. They lived and worked in Paris where they created and ran for years Libella publishing house and bookstore as well as Galerie Lambert. In the gallery works of artists from all over the world were shown. In the bookstore free copies of books published in the West were distributed to the Poles. The Romanowiczowie also sent them to Poland. Libella was one of the points of secret distribution of books beyond the iron curtain. Documents preserved in the Institute of National Memory prove that the activity of the Romanowicze was carefully followed by the officers of the Security Services. A case against them was set named „Marriage” Its aim was to obtain the Romanowicze for cooperation. The decisive refusal from the owners of Libella had various consequences – among others the ban on printing Romanowiczowa’s books in domestic publishing houses. 
EN
The objective of the article is to present the process of identity construction of Tomasz Łychowski, a post-war immigrant in Brazil, a refugee from nazism and communism, based on the analysis of his artistic works (literary creation and painting) and his biography. Tomasz Łychowski is an Angolan-Polish-German, naturalized Brazilian, who arrived in Brazil as a child accompanying his parents - DPs (German mother, an activist of the Polish anti-Nazi opposition movement, and Polish father – a soldier of the Clandestine Polish State Army, AK, linked to the anti-communist Polish government in exile in London). Distancing himself from the model of “identity suffering” typical of most first-generation immigrants, Tomasz Łychowski gratefully accepts his Brazilian destination and takes full advantage of the great richness of his multicultural, multi-ethnic and multi-identity background, searching for his own private universe (closely linked to his religious conversion and official Catholic affiliation assumed as an adult), with his various identities not opposing each other, but complementing and mutually enriching each other.
PT
O objetivo do trabalho é a apresentação do processo da construção identitária de Tomasz Łychowski, imigrante pós-guerra no Brasil, refugiado do nazismo e do comunismo, feita à base da análise das suas obras artísticas (criação literária e pintura) e da sua (auto)biografia. Tomasz Łychowski é angolano-polonês-alemão naturalizado brasileiro, que chegou no Brasil como criança acompanhando os seus pais - DPs (mãe alemã, ativista do movimento da oposição anti-nazista polonesa, e pai - militar polonês do Exército do Estado Polonês Clandestino, AK, ligado ao governo polonês anticomunista exilado em Londres). Distanciando-se do modelo do “sofrimento identitário” típico da maioria dos imigrantes na primeira geração, Tomasz Łychowski aceita com gratidão o seu des- tino no Brasil, aproveita a grande riqueza do seu background multicultural, multiétnico e multi-identitário, procurando o seu próprio universo particular (ligado estreitamente com a sua conversão religiosa e filiação oficial católica assumida como adulto), onde as suas várias identidades não se opõem uma a outra, mas se complementam e mutualmente se enriquecem.
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