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Allozyme variability and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in skull morphology were used to test the hypothesis of inbreeding in an isolated springbok Antidorcas marsu­pialis fZimmermann, 1780) population from the Chelmsford Nature Reserve, South Africa. Of 39 loci studied in a sample of 30 animals, five displayed allelic polymorphism. Average heterozygosity of 1.8% was not appreciably lower than a value of 2% calculated for 49 animals from a control group from Beniontein Game Farm in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Proportion of polymorphic loci and average number of alleles per locus were identical in both populations (10.3% and 1.1). Morphological analysis contradicted the prediction of increased fluctuating asymmetry due to the likelihood of inbreeding in a small, isolated population, with FA almost always higher in the control compared to Chelmsford. Chelmsford animals were however smaller than control animals for seven out of 9 cranial and horn variables analysed (significantly so in four cases), hich could conceivably be explained by environmental influences. It is concluded that loss of genetic diversity is not a problem in the Chelmsford springbok population, although this does not negate the possibility that physical deformities occurring in the population may indeed be genetically induced.
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