Venous anomalies discovered on cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation may hinder both the insertion of cardiac leads and the selection of their optimal intraventricular placement. Such venous anomalies may be a result of congenital vascular defects, e.g. anomalies of the foetal venous system, or be a consequence of earlier cardio- or thoracosurgical procedures. In the case of the latter, the extent of morphometric changes to mediastinal structures may depend on the extent of prior lung tissue resection. This paper presents 3 cases of CIED implantation procedures performed in patients with systemic veins topographically and morphometrically altered post lung surgery. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 2: 322–325)
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