The Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) has been thoroughly explored in the context of personality, behavior, social structure and both national and cross-cultural studies. However, different studies are not congruent in the interpretation of its inner structure. The current study examines the similarities and differences in value hierarchies and value structures between comparable groups of Japanese and Slovenian students using RVS. The results indicate a general similarity between the value systems and a similar underlying structure of values in all of the groups explored. Similarities with other value studies again prove convergences in research of value structures. Despite some conceptual difficulties and methodological dilemmas, RVS still shows relevance for value research, especially in the clear division of values into values as standards of behavior (instrumental values) and values as transcendental goals or ideals (terminal values). According to the results of the current study, standards are more culturally variable than goals or ideals.
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