Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Układ osadniczy jako system

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Jedrzejczyk D.

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1989

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tom 10

EN

System interpretations study the essence of settlement structure on two ontological planes: on the plane of interactio of elements and on the plane of creating of a separate category of integrity. The ontological substance of interaction consists in the fact that it constitutes the basic mechanism joining elements of the class into a whole. However, freedom of interpretation of the interaction notion results in recognizing the system either as an analogue of an organic system whose purposedly organized elements are kept in dynamic balance, or in treating it as a sui generis convention understood as a useful tool of study. However, with the use of only the interpretation of the substance of interaction mechanisms it is impossible to prove existence of settlement system as a separate category of entity. Between all elements of the class of settlements always there are some interactions, and they can be of mechanical, field or thermodynamic character. However, it is impossible to determine which of the internations have system-creative properties and which are devoid of these properties. These diffilculties cause that settlement theories look for the essence of the system in a class of settlements, constituted into a specific wholeness. This means that a settlement system cannot be constructed by adding elements one by one, thait is it cannot be analysed through application of theories concerning its parts and their interrelations. In other words, an interpretation of a settlement system in system categories resolves itself into recognizing it as an organic whole which requires during in analysis appliiation of irreducible principles of such systems. This is determined by the system's structure which excludes the possibility to analyse it from the so-called „summatiive” point of view. To recognize a settlement system as a separate ontological category requires to show how a „summative” analysis differs from analysis of another „non-summative” type. This differentiation seems to be based on a statement that elements of an organic whole do not behave independently of one another, and one may assume that the principles applying to them when they are not elements of an organic whole, are valid for them as elements of such a whole. Therefore it seems that a „summative” analysis is such which explains properties of a system basing on principles concerning its elements and the prtinciples do not refer to features of the elements as components of a system. And „non-summative” analysis seems to be an analysis describing a system basinig on principles on connections between elements as functional elements of the system. But if these are the differences between such aellegedly different methods of analysis, the differenees are not important. This proves that border between systems cannot be determined aceurately - between „organic wholes” and other systems - „non-summative”. If even elements of summative wholes relate casually to one another (e.g. in gravitational systems), summative analysis of such wholes must contain special assumptions describing organization of elements of such wholes so that a basic theory can be applied to them, similairly to systems recognized as „summative”. This means that from the ontological point of view there is no justification to recognize a „non-summative” whole, which is a substratum of settlement system, as a separate real entity.

2

Zmiany w koncentracji ludności w województwie suwalskim w latach 1946-1975

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Jedrzejczyk D.

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tom 06

EN

Population of the Suwałki Province underwent substantial transformations in the post - war period. The transformations were due to the migration processes connected with peopleing the western and northern areas as well as with growing industrialization aind urbanization. The above mentioned trasformations were expressed in the chainges of population concentration in the province. In the process of population growth in the Suwałki Province, two basic stages can be distinguished. The first, comprising the years 1946-1950, was connected above all with peopleing of the western part of the region. The sence of population transformations in that period consisted in liquidating the differences in peopleing between the eastern and western parts of the province; the differences which considerably limited the possibilities of economic development. The process of peopleing the country area produced in the years 1946-1960 a tendency of more even distribrution of the population in the province. This phenomenon was closely related to the growing hierarchization of country settlements. The network of country settlements underwent considerable disorders directly after II World War. There was a shortage of settlements with super - regional functions, i.e. settlements that modify considerably distribution of population. However, at the beginning of the sixties, a growth of population concentration occurred in the Suwałki Province, being a consequence of the growing role of towns. Three main town centres, i.e. Suwałki, Ełk and Augustów, have always been playing the dominant role in the process. These towns, due to a relatively high level of industrialization, became the main areas of population conentration, at the same time the process included the immediate vicinity of the towns. The role of remaining towns of the region, on the other hand, was (and still is) much smaller in the process of population concentration, which seems to be a reflection of their small economic potential. In the consequence of the above mentioned processes, population concentration has advanced slower in the Suwałki Province averagely than in whole Poland, not mentioning highly industrialized and urbanized regions. This tendency reveals that the town network of the Suwałki Province does not conform to the requirements of the contemporary social - economic life. The town network of the Suwałki Province is still a relatively homogeneous system whose individual elements are relatively little differentiated with regard to size and functions performed. The result is that the character of the town network is unfit for stemming migrations of people from the country areas of the Suwałki Province which process has been intensified in the recent years. This can be of considerable importance for preparing the optimum wariant of the economic structure and for realization of basic directions of social-economic development of the region.

3

Stanisław Pawłowski o geografii jako nauce i przedmiocie jej badań

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Jedrzejczyk D.

Czasopismo Geograficzne

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2010

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tom 81

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nr 3

4

Refleksje nad antropogeografia Abisynii piora Ludomira Sawickiego

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Jedrzejczyk D.

Afryka, Azja, Ameryka Łacińska

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2001

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tom 78

113-124

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Ludność wiejska województwa kieleckiego. Rozmieszczenie i tendencje przemian (studium geograficzno-historyczne)

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Jedrzejczyk D.

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nr 4

6

Problematyka kresow poludniowo-wschodnich w pracach Eugeniusza Romera.

100%

Jedrzejczyk D.

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tom 71

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nr 2

135-155

7

Waclaw Nalkowski o roli geografii w edukacji spolecznej. W dziewiecdziesiata rocznice smierci

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Jedrzejczyk D.

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nr 2

67-71

8

Rozwój i rozmieszczenie ludności w województwie suwalskim w okresie powojennym (1946-1974)

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Jedrzejczyk D.

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tom 03

EN

Herewith article is an analitic test of dislocation of population and the changes referring to the above problems on a contemporary area of Suwałki voivodship in postwar period. The changes in dislocation of population in Suwałki voivodship considerably influenced upon a spatial structure of a regional economy, mostly upon the industry and agriculture. Interpretation of changes concerning dislocation of population can be very useful for future trends of a regional economic development. Analysis of dislocation of population in Suwałki voivodship in partition to five time sections (1946, 1950, 1960, 1970 and 1974) was a starting point of examination. The results obtained served to define a general tendencies in dislocation of the rural and town population in 1946-1974. The last problem was to interpret the interactions between dislocation of rural population and the changes in occupational structure of this category. This interaction was defined by means of correlation coefficients according to a moment of product. The basic source of this examination were the data of the national census published by GUS (Main Statistical Office). This data was summed within the framework of the census districts allowing their transformation into a present administrative division. The results were published at „Statistics of Poland” in 1976. Statistical and carthographical analysis prooved that population of Suwałki voivodship has been considerably changing in postwar perior. Absolute number of population and an occupational structure of population has been changing in this period. During a period examined a total number of a town population has been also increasing. Per cent of a rural population has been declining, accompanied by a dynamics of urban process. Nevertheless an absolute number of rural population has been incrasing up to-1970. The flow of population off the country side was accompanied by the increase of per cent of population employed off the agriculture. The process of flow off the agriculture (recently comprising some areas only) intensified considerably in 1950-1960 while the regional industrialization was forced. Contemporary process of a flow off the agriculture embraced nearly the whole area of voivodship. In 1946 population was mainly concentrated in the eastern part of voivodship, the western part was considerably depopulated. In the next years, mostly in the period 1960-1970, a process of a reduction of economic potencial in the both parts of voivodship began. The process was very important from an economic point of view. Settlement network of the region considerably influenced upon a spatial differentiation of population. Soon when the war was over the towns of the western part were developing more rapidly. In the period 1950-1960 a distinct domination of four centres is strongly marked. They are: Augustów, Giżycko, Ełk, Suwałki. The changes in dislocation and structure of population of Suwałki voivodship in the postawar period strongly influenced not only upon a dislocation but also upon the directions of a production. The flow off a rural population preferenced the forms of economy defined as less labour-absorbing. Soon when the war was over a human factor became undoubtedly an important component of a social development of the region. In our days this factor can be a restrain as the main stimulant of economic development i.e. agriculture, forestry and the touris-recreation services.