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Bezpieczeństwo maszyn w branży metalurgicznej – teoria i praktyka

100%

Małysa T.

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tom Vol. 87, nr 3

17--21

PL

Zapewnienie pracownikom bezpiecznych i higienicznych warunków pracy jest podstawowym obowiązkiem każdego pracodawcy. W przedsiębiorstwach branży metalurgicznej pracownicy użytkują maszyny, które zgodnie z obowiązującymi przepisami prawnymi powinny spełniać wymagania minimalne lub zasadnicze. Kluczowym elementem w przypadku wspomnianych wymagań, jest nie tylko ich spełnienie, ale przede wszystkim ich utrzymywanie przez cały okres eksploatacji maszyny. W opracowaniu przedstawiono listę formalnych obszarów, które należy zweryfikować podczas zakupu maszyny. Wybór obszarów podyktowany był występującymi niezgodnościami w zakresie wymagań zasadniczych. Praktyczna ocena spełniania wymagań wstępnych, na podstawie opracowanej listy, przeprowadzona została dla wybranych maszyn przemysłowych.

EN

Ensuring employees safe and hygienic working conditions is the basic responsibility of every employer. In enterprises of the metallurgical industry, employees use machines that, in accordance with applicable legal provisions, should meet minimum or essential requirements. The key element in the case of these requirements is not only their fulfillment, but above all their maintenance throughout the life of the machine. The article a list of formal areas that should be verified when purchasing the machine was presented. The choice of areas was dictated by the inconsistencies in the scope of essential requirements. The practical assessment of meeting the initial requirements, based on the developed list, was carried out for selected industrial machines.

2

Work Safety During Usage, Repair and Maintenance of Machines - a Review of Work Safety in the Aspect of Accidents at Work

100%

Małysa T.

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2019

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tom Vol. 2, Iss. 2

151-161

EN

The usage, repair and maintenance of machines is one of the areas in which it still records a significant number of accident events. The occurrence of accidents at work generates social and economic costs for the enterprise. Therefore, employers should be take measures to improve safety at the workplace. The publication presents an accident analysis based on a comparison of the following measures: accident rates (i.e. number of accidents, event effects) and ratio analysis (frequency rate indicator and total accident rate indicator). Calculated indicators allowed to determine the accident rate during the usage, repair and maintenance of machines. The analysis covered a five-year period - i.e. 2013-2017. On the basis of the analyzes carried out, the proposal was presented of possible prevention solutions to reduce the number of accidents at work.

3

Zastosowanie wybranych narzędzi Lean Manufacturing i jakości w zakresie poprawy organizacji produkcji

63%

Jękal A. , Małysa T.

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tom Vol. 25, nr 1-2

2--6

EN

The study the possibility of using selected tools/methods of the Lean Manufacturing concept and tools supporting quality management in reducing production problems, was presented. The own research was divided into three stages in which production problems were identified, methods of reducing them were identified, and their effectiveness in terms of problem elimination/reduction was assessed. It was possible to identify the causes of the problems thanks to the 5Why method and the cause and effect diagram (Ishikawa diagram). In terms of the methods/tools of the Lean Manufacturing concept, the following were used: 5S method, visual management, One Point Lesson (OPL), Kaizen, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). Own research was carried out in the automotive industry. The identified production problems include: stoppage of the production line, incorrect bending process, waste. Each of the methods/tools used had a different effect on limiting the identified production problems. For the purposes of the study, a three-point scale was also adopted, allowing to determine the impact of tools/methods on reducing the identified problems. Therefore, it turned out to be important to implement several methods/tools simultaneously. The implemented methods allowed for the effective limitation of the occurrence of the identified problems.

4

Zastosowanie norm zharmonizowanych w zakresie spełnienia minimalnych wymagań bezpieczeństwa dla maszyn

63%

Małysa T. , Jagosz G.

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2020

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tom Vol. 87, nr 10

242--246

PL

W przedsiębiorstwach branży metalurgicznej eksploatowane są maszyny, które zgodnie z przepisami prawnymi powinny spełniać wymagania minimalne lub zasadnicze. Jednym z najczęściej występujących problemów jest spełnienie lub utrzymywanie maszyn w zakresie wymagań minimalnych. Spełnienie wymagań ustawodawcy oraz ograniczanie ryzyka jest możliwe dzięki wykorzystaniu norm zharmonizowanych. Zastosowanie norm zharmonizowanych, w których zawarte są dobre praktyki pozwala pracodawcom na spełnianie ustawowych obowiązków oraz poprawę bezpieczeństwa pracy, a tym samym ograniczenie liczby wypadków, które mają miejsce podczas eksploatacji maszyn.

EN

In the enterprises of the metallurgical industry, machines are used which, in accordance with legal regulations, should meet the minimum or essential requirements. One of the most common problems is meeting or maintaining machines within the minimum requirements. Meeting the legislator's requirements and reducing the risk is possible thanks to the use of harmonized standards. The application of harmonized standards, which include good practices, allows employers to comply with statutory obligations and improve work safety, thus limiting the number of accidents that occur during the operation of machinery.

5

The impact of employment restriction on the risk of an accident at work in the mining industry in Poland

51%

Małysa T. , Nowacki K. , Łakomy K. , Lykholat S.

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2024

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tom Vol. 30, Iss. 1

67--74

EN

The European Union's energy policy has necessitated a reduction in coal mining, with significant consequences for occupational safety within the industry. This study investigates the correlation between employment reduction and accident risk within Poland's mining sector during 2006-2020, a period marked by over a 40% decrease in coal extraction and a corresponding 30% decrease in mining employment. An escalation in the relative risk (RR) of accidents was observed, increasing from 1.28 to 2.33. More critically, the RR of fatal accidents rose from 2.54 to 8.22 by 2019. Analysis revealed a critical employment threshold: a fall in mining employment below 140,000 is associated with a marked increase in accident risk, particularly fatal accidents. A linear model was developed to suggest that a reduction in the RR of accidents to 0.7 is requisite to achieve a national average risk for fatal accidents (RR = 1). The findings advocate for targeted safety interventions and propose a preventive strategy model. The implications are vital for policymakers and industry stakeholders aiming to improve worker safety in response to employment changes within the mining sector