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nr 2
EN
The objective of the study was to recognize and evaluate the annual exposure of private farmers to whole body mechanical vibration on selected family farms of mixed production profile (plant-animal). The scope of study covered the carrying out of time schedules of agricultural activities, and measurements of the frequency weighted vibration acceleration (m/s2), expressed as effective values (r.m.s.) for each of three spatial directions on the seat surface within the period of the whole year. The basic vibration parameter was vibration dose (d). The following values were determined: total monthly vibration dose, mean equivalent daily vibration dose, and mean equivalent daily vibration acceleration. The highest values of the total monthly vibration dose (d) were observed in April and August (55.3-56.7 m2/s4 . h). The mean equivalent of daily vibration acceleration showed the highest values in four months of the year: April, August, September and October (0.49-0.60 m/s2); the average value of this parameter for the whole year reached the level of 0.44 m/s2 – below the standard. Due to the occurrence in agricultural vehicles of mechanical shocks (mean values of maximum vibration acceleration: 0.82-1.00 m/s2; exceeding the standard), and exceeding of the daily exposure action value, proper steps should be undertaken with respect to the protection of private farmers against risk resulting from exposure to mechanical vibration while performing work activities.
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tom 14
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nr 2
EN
The objective of the study was the preliminary recognition of whole body mechanical vibration risk among farmers in the rural work environment. The study covered 15 farms using cultivated land of the size of over 10 ha, carrying out mixed production (plant-animal), equipped with agricultural tractors, and a basic set of tractor-mounted agricultural machinery, with a partial contribution of self-propelled agricultural machines. The scope of the study covered the measurements of effective vibration RMS acceleration (equivalent, maximum, minimum, peak) frequency corrected on the seats of agricultural vehicles in the three spatial directions of vibration (X, Y, Z). These measurements were realized while performing various fi eld and transport work activities during the period of the whole year. A analysis of the peak, maximum and minimum vibration accelerations confi rms that in the agricultural occupational environment there occurs a considerable variation of the vibration values registered. This is also evidenced by high values of the Crest Factor, sometimes exceeding a score of 10. Analysis of the registered equivalent values of vibration acceleration (frequency corrected) from the hygienic aspect showed that vibration occurring on the seats may create risk for farmers’ health while performing such work activities as: tedding and raking of hay, fertilizers spreading, soil aggregation, grass mowing and cultivation. Analysis of the spatial distribution of the measured, frequency corrected vibration accelerations indicates that considerably the highest acceleration values occur in the vertical plane (direction – Z). Literature data clearly confi rm an unfavourable effect of whole body vibration present in agricultural vehicles on discomfort and the occurrence of back pain in the operators, especially in the low back region (lumbar spine), as well as degenerative changes in the spine.
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tom nr 6
25-27
PL
Przedsiębiorcy w niewielkim stopniu uświadamiają sobie wielkość strat ponoszonych w wyniku złych warunków pracy. W zakładach pracy nie są także prowadzone analizy wpływu poziomu bhp na produktywność. W artykule podjęto próbę wskazania przyczyn takiego stanu rzeczy. Omówiono w jaki sposób przedsiębiorcy postrzegają związek między bhp i produktywnością, a także zilustrowano, jak wpływa to na obserwację tych związków na poziomie stanowisk pracy. Na zakończenie przedstawiono podejście, w którym niezachowanie wymagań bhp traktowane jest jako czynnik generujący straty w możliwościach wytwórczych poszczególnych stanowisk pracy - co stanowi punkt wyjściowy do przedstawienia bhp jako istotnego elementu zarządzania operacyjnego na poziomie stanowisk pracy.
EN
Entrepreneurs are not really aware of the losses that result from bad working conditions. Enterprises do not analyse the influence of occupational safety and health (OSH) on productivity. This paper attempts to identify why this is so. It discusses entrepreneurs' perception of the relationship between OSH and productivity and illustrate show that perception influences observations of such relationships at the level of workstations. Finally, this article presents an approach which considers ignorance of OSH requirements to be a factor generating losses in the productive capacity at individual workstations, which is a starting point for presenting OSH as a vital element of operational management at the level of workstations.
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63%
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tom nr 3
8-12
PL
W artykule tym omówiono temat powiązań warunków pracy, a zwłaszcza w kontekście bezpieczeństwa jej wykonywania i produktywności pracowników. W celu wykazania istnienia tego związku opracowano opisywaną w tekście metodę, umożliwiającą badanie zależności między poziomem bhp a produktywnością na stanowisku pracy. W metodzie tej wykorzystano powszechnie dostępne narzędzia z obszaru oceny poziomu bhp na stanowisku pracy (ryzyka zawodowego) oraz efektywności wykorzystania stanowiska pracy (OEE).
EN
This article discusses a topic of a connection between working conditions, with a special emphasis on the issue of safety, and the productivity of employees. In order to show such a relation's existence a method for examining the relationship between occupational safety and health (OSH) and workstation productivity was developed. This method uses commonly available tools in the area of assessing the level of OSH at the workstation (occupational risk) as well as overall equipment efficiency (OEE).
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