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2 Kvaerne P.

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TIBETAN STUDIES IN NORWAY UP TO 1975

100%

Kvaerne P.

Rocznik Orientalistyczny

2009

tom 62

nr 1

92-100

The paper gives a brief survey of Norwegian scholars and missionaries who have, to a greater or lesser degree, been involved in Tibetan studies in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, starting with Christopher Andreas H o l m b o e (1796-1882), and continuing with the internationally well-known scholars Sten K o n o w (1867-1948) and Georg M o r g e n s t i e r n e (1892-1978). Thereafter two missionaries are presented, Theo S o r e n s e n (1873-1959) and Edward A m u n d s e n (1873-1928), and finally the Swedish scholar Nils S i m o n s s o n (1920-1994) who taught at the University of Oslo 1963-1975. The presentation does not continue beyond 1975, but a list of relevant doctoral dissertations up to the present is appended.

BON AND CHOS - THE OTHER STORY

100%

Kvaerne P.

Rocznik Orientalistyczny

2010

tom 63

nr 1

116-124

The standard Buddhist version of the introduction of Buddhism into Tibet under the patronage of the Tibetan kings in the 7th and 8th centuries AD is not based on contemporary sources, but is a pious reconstruction made some three to four hundred years after the event. The concern of this paper is not with historical reality in a strictly factual sense, but rather with competing representations or constructions of history. Although the established Buddhist version of Tibetan history has long dominated the Tibetan as well as the international scene, it is not the only version. The 'autochthonous' Bon religion has its own historical perspective, which in many respects differs radically from that of the Buddhists. The author shall argue that although the Bon version is no older than the dominant Buddhist one, it is an independent and coherent construction of early Tibetan history. The paper draws heavily on what may be the earliest historical text of the Bon religion, the 'Grags pa gling grags' (late twelfth century AD?), of which an edition, translation and study is under preparation.