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Cmentarz żydowski w Modrzejowie

100%

Domański K.

nr 2

218-223

The Jewish cemetery in Sosnowiec-Modrzejow, one the of oldest and most interesting examples of sepulchral art in the Silesian-Dąbrowa region, was renovated in 1990-1993- The cemetery, probably founded at the turn of the eighteenth century, is at the moment the only „live” testimony of the existence of a population of the Mosaic faith. The cemetery was renovated by the Jewish Religious Community in Katowice thanks to funds granted by Jews whose roots reach back to Modrzejow and who reside in Canada, Israel, the United States and other countries. The structure of the tombstones (the matsevas, sarcophagi „tree trunks” and relief inscriptions on many of them) as well as the specificity of the symbolic stratum permit us to regard the necropolis — alongside those in Mikołow, Pyskowice, and Tychy-Bieruń Stary — as a small-town cemetery of considerable landscape and historical merits. Up to the late 1980s the site was neglected and to a great extent devastated; many of the tombstones, especially the matsevas, were damaged and lay on the ground. The situation was additionally complicated by the general accessibility of the cemetery which was completely unprotected and not isolated from the surrounding environment. The lush vegetation of the area was used by the local population for cattle grazing. The pedestels and walls of the graves were removed during reconstruction. The tombstones were placed on rectangular high postuments, in this way making it possible to better protect the sandstone objects from dampness and to display them in the surrounding high grasses. Free spaces created by gaps in the inner substance were filled by new objects: a cenotaph composed of double matseva stelae (commemorating the victims of the second world war), a contemporary slab-stela monument and a lapidarium (with 57 details and fragments of tombstones). The revalorization of the cemetery (at present containing 271 monuments) was completed in September 1993 after the installation of a permanent fence made of vertical iron bars. As a result of the renovation, the cemetery received a legible and clearcut configuration which harmoniously supplements the small-town landscape of Modrzejow. The reconstruction certainly achieved its aim despite the fact that the introduction into the historical substance of new elements (cenotaph, slab-stela monument) appears to be controversial.

O destrukcji cmentarzy żydowskich w Górnośląskim Okręgu Przemysłowym

100%

Domański K.

nr 1

74-80

At present, there are 19 Jewish cemeteries in the Upper Silesian conurbation whose state of preservation varies considerably. As a rule they remain under the case of Congregations of Mosaic Faith and the caretakers assigned by them. Some, however, no longer exist (Dąbrowa Gornicza, Mystowice). Others suffer from great losses and devastation. The most universal type of tombstone is the matzevot, followed by obelisques, sarcophagi and architectonic forms which appear at the turn of the nineteenth century. After World War II many of the graves were marked with cenotaphs commemmorating the murdered inamtes of death camps.

Realization of logic integrated circuits in VeSTIC process - design, fabrication, and characterization

45%

Domański K. , Głuszko G. , Sierakowski A. , Tomaszewski D. , Szmigiel D.

tom Vol. 9, nr 3

123--132

A design and manufacturing of test structures for characterization of logic integrated circuits in a VeSTIC process developed in ITE, are described. Two variants of the VeSTIC processs have been described. A role and sources of the process variability have been discussed. The VeSFET I-V characteristics, the logic cell static characteristics, and waveforms of the 53-stage ring oscillator are presented. Basic parameters of the VeSFETs have been determined. The role of the process variability and of the parasitic elements introduced by the conservative circuit design, e.g. wide conductive lines connecting the devices in the circuits, have been discussed. Based on the inverter layout and on the process specification, the parasitic elements of the inverter equivalent circuit have been extracted. The inverter propagation times, the ring oscillator frequency, and their dependence on the supply bias have been determined.