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PL
W artykule opisano metodę przydatną do wykorzystania przy rozpoznawaniu samogłosek wypowiadanych przez osoby pozbawione krtani. W tej metodzie zastosowano analizę ruchu markerów umieszczonych na twarzy mówcy. Ruch markerów rejestruje się cyfrową kamerą wideo i analizuje za pomocą opracowanego oprogramowania.
EN
In this paper a method useful to recognition of vowels uttered by persons without larynx is described. This method is based on the analysis of motion of markers placed on the speaker face. The marker motion is registered with a digital video camera and then analyzed via elaborated software.
PL
Celem badań była oceniana skuteczności równoczesnej terapii światłem laserowym i prądami interferencyjnymi. Na podstawie wyników stwierdzono, że zastosowana terapia skutecznie obniża poziom bólu i wpływa na zwiększenie zakresu ruchu w stawach i może być stosowana jako metoda z wyboru.
EN
The aim of this study was the evaluation of influence of simultaneous lasertherapy and interference current applied in patients with gonarthrosis. It was tasted that the combined therapy resulted in decrease of pain and increase of mobility. It may be used as a method of choice.
PL
Badania hydrochemiczne rzeki Łososina prowadzono w 2013 r. Wodę do badań pobierano z rzeki na wysokości miasta Tymbark w sześciu punktach pomiarowo-kontrolnych. W pobranych próbkach oznaczono przewodność elektrolityczną właściwą wody oraz stężenie fosforanów, azotu amonowego, azotynowego i azotanowego. Woda Łososiny na całej długości badanego odcinka spełnia wymogi klasy I. Stwierdzono statystycznie istotnie wyższe stężenie azotu azotynowego w punktach 5 i 6 w stosunku do pozostałych badanych punktów. Analiza profilu hydrochemicznego tego odcinka rzeki wykazała niewielki wpływ miasta Tymbark na jakość wody.
EN
Hydrochemical research of the Łososina river was conducted in 2013. Water for analyses was collected from the river in 6 measurement and control points near Tymbark town. Water electrolytic conductivity and phosphate, ammonium, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen concentrations were assessed in the collected samples. Along the whole length of the investigated section water of the Łososina river meets the requirements of water purity class I. Statistically significantly higher concentrations of nitrite nitrogen were registered in points 5 and 6 in comparison with the other analysed points. Analysis of hydrochemical profile of the investigated river section revealed a slight influence of Tymbark town on water quality.
EN
The aims of this study were: (1) to characterize the training load structure and the applied training means in typical microcycles of the transition period and the competitive season administered to young soccer players, and (2) to present exemplary training units of the competitive and the transition periods.20 young soccer players (12-13 years old) took part in the study. Jastrzębski's method based on Sozański and Śledziewski was applied to register and monitor the training load. Data was analyzed regarding the information range (general or specific drills) as well as energetic zones (aerobic, mixed aerobic-anaerobic, anaerobic lactate or anaerobic alactate drills).The results of study show crucial differences in the applied training means in the analyzed microcycles. In a typical microcycle of the transition period general drills predominate, while during the competitive period - specific drills prevail. The total effective time of training was longer in the competitive season microcycle. It is a proper relationship according to the theory of sport training.The range of the training load registered in the competitive season is in line with other authors' research where league matches and small-sided games were used particularly often. The studied microcycles in the competitive season can be model ones and can be used in the training process of young football players.
EN
The aim of the study was to assess the anaerobic threshold (lactate threshold LT) changes during winter and summer preparation period in soccer premier league and first division players. It was assumed that the index value varies depending on the stage of a one-year training cycle.Tests were conducted on the premier league and first division soccer players. Physical capacity tests were carried out at the beginning and at the end of the winter and summer preparation period. The tests covered 3 years: 2008 - 2010. Subjects performed an incremental running test according to Jastrzębski's method. The most important data obtained from this test are: running speed (V/LT) and heart rate (HR/LT) at LT.At the beginning of summer preparations the players' speed corresponding to LT reached the value of 3.69 m/s ± 0.31 m/s, while at the end of this period it increased to 3.86 m/s ± 0.29 m/s. During the winter preparatory season the values of this index were 3.81 m/s ± 0.3 m/s and 3.80 m/s ± 0.21 m/s, respectively.Tested subjects showed lower values of running speed at LT level at the beginning of the summer preparatory season than at its end. At the final stage of the winter preparatory season HR values at LT were significantly lower than at the initial stage of this period.
EN
The influence if the ageing process on the paper surface topography has been examined by means of the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The AFM images of thr native and artificially aged paper exhabit different surface strucure and various abilities to bond water. The surface of native paper consist of the cellulose macrofibres with a spine-like structure, and the elementary fibres of about 10 ÷ 20 nm in diameter. It was found that the ageing process did not change the spine-like structure of the cellulose macrofibres, although it induced the swelling of the elementary fibres. In addition, the images of the aged paper showed that multilayers of water were formed on its surface whereas for non-aged samples such effect was not observed. This behaviour was confirmed by using a technique of "phase-imaging". We argue that swelling of the cellulose fibres and formation of water multilayers is caused by water molecules which are permanently bound to the cellulose chains of the aged paper.
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