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4 Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
1 Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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Několik teoreticko-metodologických poznámek k Mluvnici současné češtiny

100%

Čech R.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

2012

tom 73

nr 3

208-216

The article is concerned with the critical analysis of some aspects of the methodology and language theory on which Mluvnice současné češtiny [Grammar of Contemporary Czech] (Cvrček et al. 2010) is based. First, the statement by the authors of Mluvnice současné češtiny concerning the character of the description of language and its relationship to reality is criticized. Specifically, it is argued that the use of corpora does not lead to the recognition of “real” language properties, since every description of reality is an interpretation. The idea concerning the representativeness of corpus is also called into question. Furthermore, a serious statistical deficiency is revealed. Namely, it is demonstrated that the assignment of difference expressed by a percentage as significant (or non-significant) is unacceptable – the results should be interpreted using common statistical methods. Next, fundamental problems of the semantic theory (naive mentalism) used in Mluvnice současné češtiny are discussed. A rather different view of a semantic analysis based on experimental methodology is mentioned as an alternative to the traditional approach. Finally, the langue-parole dichotomy, viewed by the author as a residue of Platonism, is argued to be inconsistent with the empirical methodological approach adopted by the authors of Mluvnice současné češtiny.

Komunikace versus systém, nebo komunikace versus model?

100%

Čech R.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

2005

tom 66

nr 3

176-179

This article is a reaction to M. Komárek’s essay Communication versus system? (1999) and is primarily concerned with the critical analysis of the dichotomic concept of natural language. In particular, the absence of empirical evidence for a language system (langue) is pointed out, which creates serious issues for the entire structuralist approach. That is, if it is impossible to have empirical experience with a language system (langue), it is thus impossible from the position of empirical science to make any sort of claim regarding the relationship between this system and concrete instances of speech. It is thus deemed necessary to reject the langue-parole dichotomy in linguistics. The aim of non-dichotomic linguistics is, then, to create models of the speech behavior of language users, not the reconstruction of a language system (langue). As natural language in actual communication is quite varied, these models will have a merely approximative character.

Limity (nejen lingvistického) strukturalismu

100%

Čech R.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

2005

tom 66

nr 1

19-31

This paper deals with structuralism, its roots, general principles and limitations. It follows the evolution of the main structuralist notions (structure, system) in Schleiermacher’s and Humboldt’s theories of language and tries to explain the causes of the Saussurean langue-parole dichotomy. It argues that the ambiguous Saussurean concept of the sign offers interpretations and theories of natural language which differ from one another entirely. The development of the Prague School and Glossematics demonstrates modalities of solutions to important structuralist problems, in particular that of the relationship between an autonomous language system (or its theory) and the reality of dynamic speech. Philosophical structuralism stems from a “strong” interpretation of some passages from Course in General Linguistics and represents a kind of reaction to the development of natural science. Unlike natural science, structuralism aimed to discover invariant components of reality and aspired toward a complete explanation of the Universe. Neostructuralism has redefined some of the main structuralist notions and offered two very different ways of developing structuralist approaches. The first of these, represented by Deleuze, looks to “empty” basic structuralist notions. The second, represented by Derrida, leaves the main ideas of classical structuralism in the background of their radical interpretations.

Tematická koncentrace textu - některé aspekty autorského stylu Ladislava Jehličky

63%

Davidová Glogarová J. , Čech R.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

2013

tom 96

nr 5

234-245

Analysis of thematic concentration is a method for the detection of thematic words and quantification of thematic concentration in a text. This method was applied to articles by the Czech Catholic writer and journalist Ladislav Jehlička from the period 1936-1942. The aim was to compare two sets of texts: texts that are considered by literary theorists to be ‘problematic’ due to their expression of extreme right-wing views, and texts that are ‘neutral’, dealing only with general social questions. We expect that, in view of the choice of theme, the ‘problematic’ texts will be more influenced by the author’s ideological stance, which in turn will be reflected in the linguistic characteristics of the texts. We then compare texts published under Jehlička’s real name with those which appeared under the pseudonym ‘Eljen’. The results reveal a surprisingly small presence of words expressing a right-wing stance or ‘problematic’ themes (e.g., fascism, Jewish) among so called thematic words as well as an independence of the thematic concentration of ideology. Finally, a non-significant difference between Jehlička’s and Eljen’s texts can be viewed as a proof of the author’s relatively stable style.

Analýza tematické koncentrace textu: komparace publicistiky Ladislava Jehličky a Karla Čapka

51%

Glogarová Davidová J. , David J. , Čech R.

Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)

2013

tom 74

nr 1

41-54

This study analyzes the thematic characteristics of journalistic texts written by the Czech Catholic intellectual and journalist Ladislav Jehlička (1916-1996) and the writer, journalist and representative of pre-war democracy Karel Čapek (1890-1938). The main aim of the article is to illustrate how Jehlička’s pre-war journalism does not correspond to what has been generally accepted by the majority of literary critics - that it is a mere manifestation of his sympathy for nationalism, Nazism, and Fascism. The methodology used was, based on the quantitative characteristics of the text, the analysis of the thematic concentration. The study detected unexpected similarities between both authors; specifically, it revealed that the texts by Jehlička and Čapek are focused on the same problems, e.g. young people and their future, the role of political parties and the circumstances determining a nation’s existence.